2015, Volume 9, Issue 1

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13044/2155

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Przeglądanie 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1 według Data wydania

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  • Rekord
    Tularemia – serious zoonotic disease
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-01-13) Weiner, Marcin ; Kubajka, Maria
    Tularemia is an acute, infectious zoonotic disease caused by a smal. aerobic, intracellular, gram-negative bacillus Francisella tularensis. Tularemia was firstly described towards the end of nineteenth century in Japan, however, the name Francisella comes from Edward Francis, an American researcher who in 1911 detected this bacterium in squirrels in Tulare County, California. In Poland tularemia in humans was recognized for the first time in 1949. In the years 1949 to 2009, over 600 tularemia cases were recorded in Poland, with one fatality in 1983. Initial work on the use of F. tularensis as a biological weapon was carried out in the 30s of the twentieth century simultaneously in the United States, Soviet Union and Japan. The natural reservoirs of the micro-organism are rodents and lagomorphs, which can be a source of infection for other animals and humans. Human infection occurs through direct contact with sick animal. inhalation of dust contaminated with feces of sick animals and it takes place mainly in the farms involved in the animal production, to a lesser extent as a result of contaminated food and water.
  • Rekord
    The role of physical therapy in cancer treatment
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-01-13) Sidor, Mirosława ; Jeziorski, Krzysztof
    Cancer is a very important problem in both medical and social respects. In recent years, there has been a shift in approach to oncological prevention, diagnostics and treatment. As a result, oncology has become an interdisciplinary field. Factors relevant for successful oncological treatment are: sequence, type and scope of intervention, including diagnosis of the cancer, assessment of its progression, systemic treatment, surgery, radiotherapy, supportive therapy and rehabilitation. Rehabilitation addresses the realm of psychology (psychooncology), as well as somatic and social issues. Physical therapy is a notion inseparably related to medical rehabilitation and it encompasses a range of treatments which are based on the body’s reactivity to stimuli. The purpose of this article is to present the specific character, the methods and the role of physical therapy in oncology, as an increasingly popular strategy in medicine, which helps to improve performance and physical function in cancer patients. Physical therapy is essential in primary and secondary cancer prevention and it greatly contributes to improving the quality of life of patients and helps them recover quicker. Four basic kinds of intervention in oncological rehabilitation include: preventive interventions, restorative interventions, supportive interventions and palliative interventions. The main principle in rehabilitating a patient with an advanced cancer is progressing steadily but gradually. The primary and essential form of rehabilitation for cancer patients is movement exercise i.e. kinesiotherapy. Integration and cooperation during group exercise are also among the strategies that therapists seek to employ while working to improve the condition of patients diagnosed with cancer. Kinesiotherapy prevents pulmonary and thromboembolic complications in cancer patients. One method of physical therapy applied in cancer treatment is lymphatic drainage (massage), which improves circulation of lymph. To sum up, physical therapy plays an increasingly important role in holistic care of cancer patients. It is indispensable and should become a standard approach, as a method of reducing the risk of complications, helping in faster recovery and limiting the economic and social costs of treatment.
  • Rekord
    Food quality control by hyphenated separation techniques
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-01-13) Walczak, Justyna ; Pomastowski, Paweł ; Buszewski, Bogusław
    Food as complex mixture of proteins, lipids, vitamins, etc. cannot be separated and identified by using in only one method. This article presents a revision on the hyphenated chromatographic techniques and methods used in food analysis and described main application in food science research, and determination of xenobiotics and their metabolites in environmental. Also article discusses applications of “omics” in food analysis (proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics, metabolomis) and new discipline of - foodomics.
  • Rekord
    Selected elements of the assessment of eating habits on the example of 2nd and 3rd classes of high school
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-01-13) Olejniczak, Dominik ; Pietrzak, Karolina ; Religioni, Urszula ; Gawrońska, Beata
    Aim The aim of this paper is the assessment of eating habits of high school students from grades 2 and 3, including eating habits, self-evaluation of diet and the most common nutrition mistakes committed by the members of the studied group. Materials and methodology The study involved 333 high school students between the age of 17 and 19. The group consisted of 150 girls and 183 boys. Data was collected using an original survey which consisted of questions dealing with diet and respondent’s particulars. The study was anonymous. The results have been subjected to statistical analysis using Pearson’s chi-squared test. The statistical differences recognized as significant were those with probability of p<0.05 Results The majority reaching nearly 40% of respondents declared that they eat 4 meals a day. Over 60% eat breakfast every day. The number of students who declared that they do not eat breakfast at all amounted to 48. Over 55% do not pay attention to their eating habits, whereas 45 students consider them unhealthy. About 60% of respondents declare that they do not drink energy drinks. Within the group of students who consume such drinks the most often declared frequency was 1-2 times a week. The answers, however, vary between the female and the male group (chi-square=82.72121, p≤0,05); 75% of males do not consume energy drinks, among females the percentage amounts to mere 43%. Conclusions The students taking part in the study commit nutrition mistakes which might be a sign of unsufficient level of health education within that field. The nutritional education of the youth should start in primary school and be adapted to the needs and possibilities of the target group. In the face of poor diet, it seems justified to analyze the sources of information on nutrition used by the youth in terms of their credibility.
  • Rekord
    The impact of toothbrush filament design on gingival health during healing. A randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded clinical trial
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-01-13) Kovaľová, Eva ; Novák, Bohuslav ; Klamárová, Tatiana ; Eliašová, Anna
    Objectives. The primary objective of the study was to test toothbrushes with different types of filaments (conical vs. rounded) with respect to cause gingival abrasion after surgical intervention of wisdom teeth. A secondary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of plaque removal and the improvement of gingival conditions to alleviate wound healing and to avoid gingivitis. Methods. One hundred and seventy-three healthy subjects with surgical intervention of wisdom teeth participated in a randomized, single blind study and were randomly allocated to control group (standard ADA reference toothbrush) or test group (meridol® special toothbrush with conical filaments). Clinical examinations included gingival abrasion, plaque index and gingival index, and were conducted at baseline, 7 and 28 days. Results. For the gingival abrasion the mean number of lesions of all sizes was after 28 days significantly lower in the test group (p-value <0.001) compared to control group. Plaque index was not significantly different between the two groups in the last visit. At day 28 the gingival index was significantly lower in the test group (p=0.031) compared to control group. Conclusions. The toothbrush with conical filaments induced significantly less gingival abrasions than the standard ADA toothbrush and showed superior results in improving gingival health (gingival index). Both toothbrushes were comparable effective with respect to plaque removal. Clinical Relevance. Scientific rationale for study: Supra and sub-gingival biofilm leads to gingival inflammation. Post- surgical removal of the biofilm from gingival surfaces promotes healing after wisdom tooth extraction. Tooth brushing leads to gingival abrasion. Earlier investigations with toothbrushes having conical filaments suggest less gingival tissue damage. Principal findings: The results showed that the toothbrush with conical filaments caused significantly less gingival abrasions than the toothbrush with rounded filaments. Practical implications: : Toothbrush filament design should be considered when choosing toothbrush for oral hygiene after oral surgery.
  • Rekord
    The problem of usage of drugs without prescriptions by the youth
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-01-13) Szefczyk-Polowczyk, Lucyna ; Zygmunt, Agata ; Respondek, Malwina ; Wengel, Karina
    Self-treatment, defined as application of drugs without prescription without consulting your doctor has become a common phenomenon. Easy access to this group of pharmaceutical. advertising campaigns and lack of awareness of adverse effects as a result of incorrect application makes drugs without prescription the medications which have become our first choice. The aim of the study is to assess the problem of the use of over the counter (OTC) drugs by young people living in the Silesian Voivodeship. Material and methods. The study included 180 persons from the Silesian voivodeship at the age of 18-30. The research tool was an author’s, anonymous questionnaire. The questions included within it concerned, among others: frequency, form and side effects of drugs applied without prescription. Results. Despite the fact that the majority of respondents (57%) assess their health state as good, the overwhelming number of people (91%) report applying medications without a prescription. The most popular OTC pharmaceutical products include painkillers and vitamins. One in five respondents (20%) admits that he or she consumes more medication than it is recommended in the package leaflet. Conclusions. Very good and good health state declared by the respondents does not exclude accepting their medication without prescription. In case of treatment of intermittent or mild symptoms, the use of medications without a prescription – saves patient’s time and unburdens health care system. This phenomenon, however, is a challenge for the public health sector. Actions must be undertaken which are aimed at raising consumers-patients' awareness regarding the dangers posed by improper use of OTC drugs.
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    Dizziness – pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-01-13) Tomaszewski, Marek ; Banakiewicz, Katarzyna ; Jajko, Krzysztof ; Szypowski, Roman ; Zieliński, Paweł ; Zalewski, Grzegorz ; Olchowik, Grażyna
    Dizziness is a symptom of many diseases. Patients very frequently come with such ailment to the hospital emergency department. It is a state which may last a few seconds or minutes and increase or recede with time. Therefore, the admitted patients frequently cannot assess their own illness in a precise and objective way. The dizziness definition is also quite ambiguous. Dizziness is defined as the sensation of one own’s body movement or spinning and movement of the surrounding. It is very important to record the patient’s medical history since the diagnostic procedure may depend on the symptoms’ character. Dizziness may be a symptom of a serious disease, although it is not easy to find its cause. It appears not only in case of the labyrinth and nervous system disorders, but also in the systemic and functional diseases. Dizziness and balance disorder are the direct cause of admitting one in every thirty patients. The symptom indicated the directly life-threatening disease only within the 3-8.5% of patients (cerebral circulation insufficiency - 6%, cardiac dysrhythmia - 1.5%, brain tumour < 1%). Analyzing the data concerning the problem of dizziness occurrence within the general population, it has been noticed that this symptom has been reported two or three times more frequent by women than by men. Dizzinesses are classified pathogenetically and clinically into labyrinthine and non-labyrinthine, paroxysmal and permanent, acute and chronic. Dizziness is hard to diagnose because the symptoms reported by patients are only their own subjective sensations. The data presented in the article implicate the increasing number of patients with such disorders. Apart from dizziness, the patients complain also about the hearing disorders and nausea, which make their proper functioning impossible. It is inappropriate to start the treatment without knowing the cause. Establishing, on the basis of patient’s medical history and physical examination, whether the dizziness is of peripheral or central origin, is essential for the further diagnosis. After establishing the main diagnosis, the casual
  • Rekord
    The airway obstruction - important abrupt condition for pediatrics
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-01-13) Tomaszewski, Marek ; Banakiewicz, Katarzyna ; Jajko, Krzysztof ; Szypowski, Roman ; Zieliński, Paweł ; Zalewski, Grzegorz ; Spisacka, Stanisława ; Olchowik, Grażyna
    The ability of fast response in case of increasing health problems of a child which lead directly to life-threatening situations is a necessary condition for creating opportunity of child’s survival until it will be transported to intensive care unit, where it will be provided with care by a specialist. In case of healthy children the most common cause of acute respiratory fa ilure is obstruction of upper respiratory tract. There is an enormous variety of causes of upper airway obstruction, but the most important are the result of congenital defects, acute inflammation, anaphylactic reactions, foreign body aspiration and injuries. Consequence of the hypoventilation resulting from significant impediment of airflow through the obstructed airways is impa ired gas exchange in the lungs. This leads to the increasing hypoxemia (PaO 2 <60 mmHg) and hypercapnia (PaCO2> 45 mmHg). This condition is called the total respiratory failure. The persistence of hypoventilation leads to hypoxia of vital organs (heart muscle, brain), increased anaerobic metabolism, acidosis, and inevitably to cardiac arrest as a result of homeostasis disorders. Respiratory failure is defined as acute when developing suddenly and is potentially reversible. We can find such a situation in the fast-increasing stenosis of the larynx. Symptoms of severe dyspnoea occur in a short time, but can be interrupted by an effective airway patency. Acute respiratory failure is a state of direct threat to life, which is why it is crucial to give a prompt aid to the sick child. The aim of this paper is to discuss the signs and symptoms, knowledge of which is essential for rapid identification and initial differentiation of the causes of acute upper airway obstruction in children. The principles of first-aid for children with acute respiratory failure and above all the description of life-saving procedures will be presented.