Health Problems of Civilization

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13044/62

„Health Problems of Civilization" (ISSN 2353-6942) to czasopismo naukowe, które jest kontynuacją czasopisma „Human and Health", wydawanego w latach 2010-2013. Czasopismo publikowane jest wyłącznie w języku angielskim (streszczenie, tytuł i słowa kluczowe dodatkowo w języku polskim). Misją czasopisma jest promowanie wiedzy w zakresie różnych problemów zdrowotnych człowieka w świetle szybko postępujących zmian życia współczesnego, spowodowanych rozwojem cywilizacyjnym, industrializacją, urbanizacją oraz zmianami środowiska naturalnego, które wywierają często niekorzystny wpływ na zdrowie człowieka. Czasopismo publikuje artykuły w podziale na 3 działy tematyczne: Dział I. „Choroby i problemy wyróżnione przez WHO i FAO”, Dział II. „Aktywność fizyczna grup społecznych i zawodowych” oraz Dział III. „Inne”. Artykuły dotyczą różnych grup tematycznych, takich jak: biomedyczne aspekty zdrowia, współczesne choroby, aktywność fizyczna, zachowania zdrowotne. Czasopismo zastrzega sobie również prawo do skupienia się w wybranym numerze na jednym zakresie tematycznym, np. borelioza, gruźlica, aktywność fizyczna czy otyłość. Czasopismo „Health Problems of Civilization” daje możliwość publikacji artykułów dotyczących problematyki współczesnych zagrożeń, metod profilaktyki i edukacji prozdrowotnej oraz niekorzystnych zjawisk zdrowotnych.

Redaktor Naczelny: prof. dr hab. Marcin Weiner
Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, Polska

Zastępca Redaktora Naczelnego: dr hab. Małgorzata Tokarska-Rodak
Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, Polska

Sekretarz Redakcji: mgr Anna Maksymiuk
Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, Polska

Redaktor statystyczny: dr Agnieszka Kuś
Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, Polska

Redaktor językowy: dr Izabela Dąbrowska
Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, Polska

Redaktorzy tematyczni:

Biomedyczne aspekty zdrowia: dr Joanna Strzemecka
Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, Polska

Aktywność fizyczna: dr hab. Barbara Bergier
Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, Polska

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Treatment results evaluation in patients with severe sepsis, caused by severe traumatic brain injury at intensive care unit of Ternopil University Hospital / Ocena wyników leczenia pacjentów z ciężką sepsą spowodowaną silnym urazowym uszkodzeniem mózgu na oddziale intensywnej terapii Uniwersyteckiego Szpitala w Tarnopolu

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-04-07) Oliynyk, Oleksandr V. ; Pereviznyk, Bohdana O. ; Ślifirczyk, Anna ; Yemiashev, Oleh V. ; Krasiy, Nataliya I.

Background. Severe traumatic brain injury stays one of the main reasons of humans’ mortality until the age of 40. Ternopil University Hospital delivers medical care to the patients with neurosurgical pathology of Ternopil region, which is comprised of 1 107 000 citizens. Material and methods. In this paper we analyzed the treatment results of 301 patients with severe traumatic brain injury (STBI), who were treated at intensive care unit of Ternopil University Hospital during 2013-2014. Microbiological research and evaluation of results were accomplished according to generally accepted principles, based on the Bergey’s classification. Results. In 72 patients it was complicated by severe sepsis. The mortality rate in clinic reached 29.7% in 2013-2014, or equals 1.9 person per 100 000 of population. Among the intensive care unit patients with STBI, who had the surgery based on this pathological condition, sepsis developed in 23.9% of patients. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which complicated sepsis, was successfully cured in 73.3% of cases, by additional usage of traditional ventilation, kinesiotherapy, oxygen therapy and pulse therapy with glucocortisteroids (GS). 22.2% of patients obtained acute renal failure, 9.72% of patients were treated by implementing hemodialysis. Concomitant polytrauma was present in 23.9% of patients. Conclusions. Theusageof pulse therapy with glucocortisteroids additionally to traditional mechanical ventilation, kinesiotherapy, and oxygen therapy for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome helps to improve the life expectancy of patients.
The use of thermographic camera in stroke diagnostics – introductory report / Zastosowanie kamery termowizyjnej w diagnostyce udarów mózgu - doniesienie wstępne

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-04-07) Piskorz, Jolanta ; Wójcik, Gustaw ; Iłżecka, Joanna ; Bulikowski, Włodzimierz

Background. Due to the serious course of most severe vascular injuries of the brain, there is anecessity to look for new diagnostic methods which are the least invasive for the patient. Objectives: the evaluation of the usefulness of thermographic camera in stroke diagnostics. Material and methods. The research included 38 patients hospitalised due to cerebrovascular accident in the Intensive Therapy Ward and Neurology Ward. The patients were diagnosed according to EBM (evidence based medicine) by means of CT, then a series of images were taken by means of thermographic camera. The examinations were conducted on the first day of the stroke, preceded by head tomography, and next on the fourth day after the stroke. Results. The examinations showed statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in the temperature in the brain stroke area in relation to the healthy part both on the first and the fourth day. The difference in the average temperature changes between the cerebral infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage on the first and the fourth day was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The difference in the average temperature changes in the brain stroke area (irrespective of its type) between the first and the fourth day was statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference in the average temperature changes between the smaller and the bigger focal areas in CT on the first and the fourth day was not statistically significant (P>0.05). No significant correlation was observed between the average temperature changes and the clinical state of patients evaluated according to ESS (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) during the first day (p.0.05). Conclusion. Thermographic camera is a useful tool in brain stroke diagnostics, however it does not differentiate between hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes.
Optimization of pharmacotherapy system for treatment of thyroid diseases in Ukraine / Optymalizacja systemu farmakoterapii w leczeniu chorób tarczycy na Ukrainie

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-04-07) Vadziuk, Yulia

Background. Recent years thyroid diseases are attracting considerable attention. On one hand, this is due to the fact that thyroid is actively reacts on environment, followed by appearance of various diseases. On the other hand, in current conditions population remains face to face with adverse impact of environment because an effective experience of the world community to fight against iodine deficiency is not implemented in Ukraine. Thus every year becomes more patients with thyroid pathology. So there becomes a need to optimize the system of healthcare provision for these patients. Material and methods. We have analyzed medications listed in Ukrainian National Formulary and studied the dynamics of its formation. A comparative analysis of UNF with the British National Formulary was conducted. The compliance of UNF with the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines was checked. Results. Comparative analysis of assortment dynamic of UNF medications for treatment and prevention of thyroid diseases showed that foreign drugs had an advantage of inclusion to formulary. The main difference between BNF and UNF is that drugs are brought in BNF only by original name. In UNF antithyroid drugs are presented by thiamazole which is absent in WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and BNF. Conclusions. We recommend to provide arguments concerning evidence of clinical and cost effectiveness of drugs included to UNF; to include drugs in UNF exclusively by original name; to include carbimazole and propylthiouracil medications into group of antithyroid drugs in UNF; to unite subsections 7.3.2 and 7.3.3 of UNF to one general subsection “antithyroid drugs”.
The presence of anti-EBV antibodies as the cause of false positive results in the diagnostics of Lyme borreliosis / Obecność przeciwciał anty-EBV jako przyczyna wyników fałszywie pozytywnych w diagnostyce boreliozy z Lyme

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-04-07) Plewik, Dorota ; Tokarska-Rodak, Małgorzata ; Paszkiewicz, Justyna

Background. Laboratory diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis is based on the detection of anti-B. burgdorferi antibodies. Mononucleosis infection can lead to false positive results in serological diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis. Materials and methods. The experimental group comprised 60 patients diagnosed with Lyme borreliosis and 106 individuals professionally exposed to tick bites, with a positive result of ELISA anti-B. burgdorferi IgM test. The control group consisted of 150 healthy individuals. Immunoassay of antibodies to the Epstein-Barr viral capside antigen (EB-VCA) in the IgM class was carried out by the means of Western blot assay. Results. In two patients diagnosed with borreliosis the presence of IgM antibodies to EB-VCA was confirmed. In the group of individuals professionally exposed to tick bites and in the control group no anti-EB-VCA IgM antibodies were found. Conclusions. Anti-EBV IgM antibodies can lead to obtaining false positive results in Lyme borreliosis diagnostics. In the cases when clinical symptoms are not characteristic for Lyme borreliosis, and are accompanied by a positive result of anti-B. burgdorferi antibodies assay only in the IgM class, one has to take into consideration the occurrence of cross-reaction in the Western blot test and carry out differential diagnosis with infectious mononucleosis.
Diversity of physical activity among the school youth depending on the type of place of residence / Zróżnicowanie aktywności fizycznej młodzieży szkolnej w zależności od rodzaju miejsca zamieszkania

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-04-07) Bergier, Józef ; Niźnikowska, Ewelina ; Bergier, Barbara ; Junger, Ján ; Ács, Pongrác

Background. The objective of the study was to reveal diversity of physical activity among the school youth depending on the type of place of residence (single-family house, block of flats). Material and methods. The research conducted in 2015 covered 646 students from junior high schools and post-gymnasium schools in Biała Podlaska with an average age of 18,8 ± 0,84 years. The method of research which was applied was the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) within its full form. Conclusions. It was indicated that the school youth, including in particular boys residing in family houses show higher level of physical activity than their peers living in blocks of flats.
Subjective health profiles among Ukrainian students of Medical Vocational School / Subiektywne profile zdrowia wśród ukraińskiej młodzieży szkolnej Studium Medycznego

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2016-04-07) Tsos, Anatolii ; Oliynyk, Oleksandr V. ; Szepeluk, Adam

Background. Understanding various dimensions of health is a key factor to properly identify health risks. The purpose of the research is to acquire knowledge concerning positive health and survival skills by the Ukrainian students of Medical Vocational School in Lutsk. Material and methods. The study group comprised 467 female students aged 15-25 years old who were the attendants of Postsecondary Vocational School in Lutsk on: Pharmacy, Medicine, Obstetrics, Nursing and Laboratory Diagnostics specialties. A subjective questionnaire was used, which focused on: somatic, mental and social health profiles together with survival skills. Results. The results indicated the intensification of individual profiles, with the highest value of social health. Somatic health identified HR as its highest index, for mental health it was tolerance and for social health- respecting basic values. When it comes to the survival skill health profile tolerating body imbalance obtained the highest index. Conclusions. Most of the specialties showed a domination of different health profiles, which allowed to demonstrate forms of self-reported health models from the specialties of Nursing and Medicine.
In search of the assessment of the physical activity level of the youth with the use of the IPAQ

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-03-09) Wasilewska, Małgorzata

Background. Keeping track of the research on the physical activity of young people from different countries allows for making its assessment objective, particularly when using the same questionnaire (IPAQ). Material and method. The study presents data on the level of physical activity of young people using the IPAQ questionnaire in a short and long form. Research results were sourced from 8 electronic databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, ArXiv, IEEE, CiteSeer, SPORTDiscus, Health Source- Nursing/Academic Edition, Academic Search Complete, MasterFILE Premier for 2008-2016 which referred to the studies from Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Lithuania, Spain, Croatia, Greece, selected European countries and Mexico. Results. Significantly higher values expressed in MET-min./week were shown in the IPAQ questionnaire in a long than in short form. Most research results with higher physical activity of boys than girls were also confirmed. Conclusions. Large discrepancies in the data on the level of physical activity of young people from different countries should serve as indication for a better preparation of those conducting research with this questionnaire.
Variables differentiating positive health profiles and survival abilities among Ukrainian students attending Post-Secondary Medical School

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-03-09) Oliynyk, Oleksandr ; Tsos, Anatolii ; Bergier, Józef ; Tomczyszyn, Dorota

Background. Contemporary studies of health and evaluation attempts emphasize the holistic approach to health and its dimensions. The objective of the study was determination of health profiles and survival abilities among adolescents, and indicate differentiating variables. Material and methods. A diagnostic survey was used based on Kalina, investigating the subjective sense of health from the aspects of somatic, mental, social health and survival abilities. SPHSA was calculated as the arithmetic mean of individual health and total health measures. The study was conducted in 2014, in a group of 507 school adolescents aged 15-25 attending Medical Post-Secondary School in Lutsk, Ukraine. Results. Social health was evaluated by the adolescents in the most positive terms – 3.82 (±0.67), whereas survival abilities – in the most negative terms, 2.63(±0.75). In the domain of total health, the highest values occurred for daily physical activity – 3.10(±0.35), while the lowest – for occasional activity – 2.78 (±0.35). Similarly, significant differences were found between adolescents of the final, fourth year of school (2.82±0.73), and younger students. Significant correlations were demonstrated (p<0.05) in individual health profiles. With regard to survival capability, such correlation was observed in adolescents engaged in daily physical activity and students from big cities. In the somatic health profile it was observed in overweight adolescents and those who showed systematic physical activity and in the survival capability profile of adolescents pursuing systematic physical activity. With regard to the social health profile a significantly higher value occurred in first-year students and those with the highest educational achievements. Conclusions. The results of the study obtained should be used in discussions concerning educational programmes for students of paramedical specialties in the Ukraine.
Knowledge of nursing students about the transmission and prevention of infections caused by Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus in women during pregnancy

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-03-09) Eliášová, Anna ; Tokarska-Rodak, Małgorzata ; Laskowski, Karol ; Pawłowicz, Ewa ; Fiedrouk, Marta ; Magurová, Dagmara ; Mikuľáková, Wioletta

Background. The knowledge about the prevention of infections with TORCH pathogens, including Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus and Cytomegalovirus, combined with the proper involvement in health educator’s work may affect the creation of the correct attitudes and health promoting habits. Study objective - the evaluation of knowledge of nursing students of the State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska (Poland) and the University of Prešov (Slovakia) about the transmission routes and prevention of infections caused by T. gondii, Rubella virus and CMV in women during pregnancy. Material and methods. The study group included 158 nursing students from the State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska, and 240 students from the University of Prešov. An original questionnaire was used; it contained closed questions regarding the specific TORCH pathogens. Results. Correct answers to the question regarding the route of infection with T. gondii were provided by 43.5% of respondents from both universities; 42.5% knew the route of foetal infection with T. gondii, whereas 79.9% knew the methods to diagnose toxoplasmosis. Respondents knew consequences of infections caused by Rubella virus to the foetus (79.4%). Students of the State School of Higher Education (90.5%) and students of the University of Prešov (44.6%) were aware of the importance of rubella vaccination as a method of prevention of infection with Rubella virus. Conclusions. Nursing students are familiar with the methods used in the diagnostics of toxoplasmosis and the consequences for the foetus resulting from infections with Rubella virus. However, the awareness regarding the transmission routes of T. gondii and prevention of infections caused by Rubella virus and CMV was insufficient.
Organic pollution of water and human health

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-03-09) Pawłowicz, Ewa Teresa

The issue of human health should be considered in correlation with monitoring and protection of environment we live in, because of the increase of pollution of anthropogenic origin and the increase of health risk. Health risk caused by water pollutants with chemical compounds, including toxic micropollutants is not fully assessed, since chemical pollutants cause undesirable health effects after a long-term exposition. Therefore, it is very important to choose the methodology of research for wider spectrum of pollution, especially organic, that can pose a threat to human health, and can be detected in environmental samples. On the basis of the review of existing eco-analytical research chromatographic methods in water analysis were selected, especially high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC) with mass detection in GC/MS, HPLC/MS techniques. Non-target analysis revealed a high diversity in water chemical composition and a wider spectrum of organic contaminants comprising pharmaceuticals, technical additives, personal care products and pesticides. Some of the identified compounds are known as pollutants whereas some of these substances are so far unregistered contaminants. Although it was reported that the application of some of the identified compounds has been banned or restricted (e.g. lindane), the analyses showed that they can still be found in the environment. The study presented not only a comprehensive view on the state of pollution in studied waters, but also the eco-analytic methods and research results of the study may serve as the basis for widening the monitoring of environment. Persistent organic pollution is a threat to human life to different degrees and it has not been yet fully examined. Therefore, in order to protect human health it is necessary to develop chemical trace analysis – eco analysis in complex monitoring and protection of environment we live in.
Exposure to ticks and preventive actions in the scope of Lyme disease among young people from the northern part of Lublin Province (Eastern Poland)

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-03-09) Pańczuk, Anna ; Kozioł-Montewka, Maria

Background. The ticks are the main vector of pathogens of infectious diseases both for people and animals. At present, tick-borne infections spread in the entire Europe. Lyme disease dominates among diseases spreading through ticks. The aim of the research was to determine the frequency of exposures to ticks of the subjected young people, applied ways of removing the ticks and the frequency of using the selected methods of Lyme disease prevention. Material and methods. The study involved 1150 people from the northern part of Lublin province (eastern Poland) at the age between15-20 years. The research tool applied was authors’ own survey questionnaire. Results. Over half of the surveyed young people (58.9%) stated that they had been bitten by ticks before (mostly people who live in the rural areas). Most frequently, the ticks were removed by wringing with tweezers (24.5%), grasping with fingers and tearing out (21.7%) and with tweezers with a swift, steady movement (21.6%). Over half of the surveyed (57.4%) stated that they do not use repellents against ticks while staying on the green areas, and 33.2% of the surveyed rarely use them. 18.3% of the surveyed do not examine the body after the return from the green areas and 34.8% rarely do it. The surveyed who had been bitten by ticks (especially several times) claimed that they more often use the analysed methods of prevention. Conclusions. Among the examined young people the risk of being bitten by ticks has been revealed and the risk is significantly greater among people who live in the rural areas. The ticks attached to skin were often removed improperly. The frequency of using the prevention against Lyme disease is insufficient. The increase of the range of its usage, as well as the promotion of the right method of removing ticks requires educational activities in the society.
Health 2020 and action plan for public health – new understanding of public health

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-03-09) Karwowska, Paulina ; Gryko, Weronika

One of the key messages of the World Health Organization (WHO) is the assumption that the health of all people, achieving peace and security all over the world and attaining the highest possible level of health are among the most fundamental human rights. This idea accompanied the creation of WHO in 1948 and was the result of over a century-long history of operations conducted by many other international organizations, which to a lesser or greater extent adopted the goal of improving health, reaching beyond the territory of one country [1]. The basic tasks of the Organization are primarily the planning and coordination of activities in all areas of health, directing research, setting norms and standards, offering the option of health policies based on knowledge and scientific evidence and direct assistance and cooperation with the member states. The support for countries in their preparations for the creation of a policy framework and strategies for health plays a key role. The measures for the development of common guidelines for these policies gained pace particularly in the 70s of the twentieth century, when the realization of the fundamental assumptions of WHO, stipulating the achievement of the highest attainable standard of health by all, was still a considerable distant vision. In the face of such a challenge, WHO and the member states decided to develop a framework for translating the vision of universal health for people into specific strategies and policies. This process began in 1977, when WHO and member states commenced work on the strategy “Health for All” by the year 2000 [2].
Animal tuberculosis as a potential danger to men

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-03-09) Krajewska, Monika ; Weiner, Marcin ; Augustynowicz-Kopeć, Ewa

Tuberculosis (latin: tuberculosis) is an infectious disease which affects man and many species of animals. The aetiological factor of tuberculosis are bacillus which belong to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) while their host preferences, gene sequence and the level of drug resistance can differ. MTBC constitute a morphologically and biochemically homogeneous group of bacteria which mainly spreads through the aerogenic channel on small, dry particles of phlegm called droplet nuclei which are discharged while infected people or animals cough. Infection occurs after predisposed individual inhales into his or her lungs the bacilli, where they easily multiply in the soft lungs tissue and cause infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) classified bovine tuberculosis (bTB) as direct zoonosis, in which case the transmission of disease is possible without the indirect host’s involvement. Moreover, bTB is the best example of anthroponosis, when the disease is transferred from animal to men. The possibility of dividing the strains of animal bacillus into the two genres: M. bovis and M. caprae raises some significant legal concerns in Europe since in many of its countries, including among others Poland, caprae is not considered to be an etiological factor of bTB.
Role of VlsE/C6 antigen as a marker for early Lyme borreliosis diagnosis and monitoring the effectiveness of its treatment

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Krzemień, Paweł Jan

Diagnosing Lyme borreliosis, despite years of standardization, continues to encounter difficulties. They result primarily from the lack of a good marker of active infection and one helpful in assessing the effectiveness of the treatment. So far, a certain diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis can be made only in a patient with erythema migrans (EM). Unfortunately, this symptom occurs only in some patients. According to the recommendations of the Polish Society of Epidemiologists and Doctors of Infectious Diseases, the effectiveness of treatment is determined by the disappearance of clinical symptoms. For this reason, for years, we have been looking for highly sensitive and diagnostically specific laboratory markers. These would allow for rapid identification of fresh infections with Borrelia spirochetes as well as simple monitoring of treatment efficacy. According to many of the recently published publications, the solution to the second of the presented problems may be the measurement of IgG antibodies to the surface antigen of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. VlsE / C6.
Lyme borreliosis as a current health problem of the 21st century

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Pacian, Anna ; Kulik, Teresa ; Szwedo, Elwira

The aim of the paper is to present the current epidemiological situation of Lyme borreliosis in Poland as compared to the past years, with particular regard to Lublin Province. According to the Department of Epidemiology, Laboratory of Monitoring and Epidemiological Analysis, the National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH – NIH), the number of cases of Lyme borreliosis reported for surveillance has increased significantly in the past three years. In 2016, the number stood at 21 220, i.e. 36% more than in 2015. The assessment of safety and sanitation standards conducted by State Sanitary Inspection for the year 2015 in Lublin Province showed that the incidence of Lyme borreliosis was 50.9 and that it was higher than the incidence in Poland – 35.4. Lyme borreliosis is a serious epidemiological and clinical problem in occupational risk groups, i.e. people working in agriculture, forestry and hunting. In serological surveys carried out in Lublin Province in the years 2011-2014, there was a much higher percentage of positive results in workers of several forest inspectorates than in those doing physical work related to forest exploitation (41.0%), as compared to the administrative staff (21.4%).
Legionella spp. in selected public utility buildings in Poland in 2009- 2013

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Shpakou, Andrei ; Gładysz, Iwona ; Sikora, Agnieszka ; Wójtowicz-Bobin, Małgorzata ; Kozioł-Montewka, Maria

Background. Civilizational changes, including urbanisation and industrialisation, created the conditions for the development of new pathogens colonising water networks which endanger human health and life. The aim of the study was to assess the contamination of water supply systems in public buildings by Legionella spp. a pathogenic group of Gram-negative bacteria. Material and methods. The material samples were taken from the hot water supply systems of 41 buildings: school dormitories, boarding schools, educational centres, student dormitories. Results. In all analysed years, there were samples in which the applicable standards were exceeded, as specified by the regulation on the quality of water intended for human consumption. The highest percentage of negative samples was found in 2012, with as many as 81.1%, and the lowest one in 2011 − 35.3%. Positive samples obtained in the first and subsequent tests were detected in 20.0% of the tested facilities. The change from positive to negative values was found in 30.0% of the tested water networks. There were also cases of negative samples both in the first and subsequent tests, which was detected in 50.0% of the facilities. Conclusions. 1. An excessive amount of the officially permissible value of Legionella was found in 53.9% of the examined hot water samples. 2. The obtained results confirm the necessity of modernising and doing elementary repairs in water supply networks.
Health and nutritional behavior of a selected group of south-eastern Poland patients: a pilot study

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Domański, Maciej ; Domańska, Anna ; Chęcińska-Maciejewska, Zuzanna ; Lachowicz-Wiśniewska, Sabina ; Żukiewicz-Sobczak, Wioletta ; Weiner, Marcin

Background. The growing number of people with excess body weight is one of the most important global health issues. The increase in the number of people with excess weight and obesity leads to a shortened life expectancy. Material and methods. The aim of this pilot study was to use a questionnaire survey to determine the lifestyle of the people in a group of 84 Polish patients from south-eastern Poland, including diet, physical activity, and health. The pilot studies were carried out from December 2021 to January 2022 in a family doctor’s clinic among people in search of advice, who willingly volunteered themselves for the study. Results. The results of the study showed that 33% of women and 44% of men have excess body weight. Economic status statistically significantly affects the incidence of overweight and obesity. However, the level of education does not have a statistically significant effect on body weight. The irregularity of meals among the respondents was often explained by irregular work and many responsibilities. Our research also showed a low physical activity of the studied population. Conclusions. Improper nutrition combined with other anti-health behaviors make it significant to introduce intensive health education programs.
Optimized upstream therapy for managing patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis associated with hyperuricemia

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Lypovetska, Sofiya ; Prokopovich, Olena ; Shved, Mykola ; Boyko, Tetyana

Background. The recent epidemiological studies have shown that serum uric acid (SUA) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and a negative prognostic marker for mortality in subjects with pre-existing heart failure. Material and methods. 147 patients, (59.2±0.8) years old, with postinfarction cardiosclerosis were included in this study. An evaluation of cardiohemodynamics, heart rhythm disturbances, lipid and purine metabolism’s violation and systemic inflammation was performed before treatment and six months afterwards. Results. An elevated SUA level was associated with the progression of postinfarction heart remodeling. Heterogenity of ventricular repolarization, decrease of heart rate variability, as well as high grade premature ventricular complexes were observed in these patients. Complex treatment with eprosartan provided a significant regress of left ventricle hypertrophy, achievement of target blood pressure levels, complete recovery from ventricular tachycardia, prevention of new-onset of atrial fibrillation. The use of fenofibrate resulted in reducing of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, SUA and main markers of systemic inflammation as well as an increase high density lipoproteins. Conclusions. The use of eprosartan and fenofibrate is an optimized upstream strategy for managing patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis associated with hyperuricemia.
Epidemiological situation of Lyme borreliosis in the Polish-Belarusian borderland in the years 2012-2016 (Podlasie Province and Grodno Region)

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Sovkich, Aleksandra Leonidovna ; Pańczuk, Anna ; Kozioł-Montewka, Maria ; Tsyrkunov, Vladimir Maksimovich ; Tokarska-Rodak, Małgorzata ; Hutko, Alla Richardovna

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common tick-borne disease in Europe and the number of reported cases is constantly rising. An increase in morbidity can be observed both in Poland and Belarus; however, the recorded rates are much higher in Poland. The aim of the article was to analyze the epidemiological situation of Lyme borrelosis in neighbouring territories in the Polish-Belarusian borderland: Grodno Region and Podlasie Province in the years 2012-2016. Differences in the recorded incidence of Lyme borreliosis in the analyzed territories were higher than those noted as national indicators in each consecutive year of the analyzed fiveyear period. In 2016, the incidence rate in Grodno Region was 25.0/100,000 inhabitants, while in Podlasie Province it was over 5 times higher (134.9/100,000 inhabitants). A detailed analysis of the rates in particular districts of the analyzed territories showed that the areas in Podlasie Province directly adjacent to Grodno Region are characterized by high Lyme borreliosis incidence rates, whereas those in Grodno Region bordering with Podlasie Province generally recorded rates close to the indicator for the whole region. Understanding the big differences in the recorded incidence of LB in the neighbouring Polish-Belarusian border areas requires further detailed analyses in order to identify the factors influencing such a situation.
Risk of tick-borne bacterial diseases in forestry workers of Ternopil region (western Ukraine)

(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Shkilna, Mariia ; Andreychyn, Mykhailo ; Klishch, Ivan ; Korda, Mykhailo ; Rogalskyy, Igor

Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate the awareness of Lyme borreliosis prevention and risk of being infected with the Borrelia burgdorferi in the forestry workers of Ternopil Region. To achieve the objective, serological tests were performed. Material and methods. The studies were conducted by diagnosing serum in 348 employees of Ternopil Region for anti-Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. antibodies by ELISA test. The age of the examined persons ranged from 17 to 75, mean age - 38.9 years. All the participants completed а questionnaire. The forestry workers were asked to state whether they noticed any symptoms compatible with Lyme borreliosis. Results. 348 forestry workers employed in five forest inspectorates were examined for specific anti-Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. antibodies. With ELISA test, a positive or inconclusive result in at least one antibody was observed in 43.1% of the respondents (n=150 of 348): IgM antibody − in 14.6% (n=51 of 348), and IgG antibody – in 35.3% (n=123 of 348). The largest number of respondents in the study group, i.e. 35.3%, were bitten in the abdomen area. As for the methods of tick removal, most respondents pulled the tick out with fingers (35.9%), while only 6.0% turned to a physician or nurse to have it removed. Erythema migrans (47%) and pruritis (31%) were the most frequent symptoms among the participants. Conclusions. T he absence of t he official r ecognition of Lyme b orreliosis a s a n o ccupational disease in Ukraine makes the study of prevention measures and their distribution in professional groups working in wooded areas an urgent matter. Providing the forest administration units with a sufficient number of tweezers or special loops for tick removal would certainly increase the protection of those exploiting forests against work-related tick-borne diseases.

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