2024, Volume 18, Issue 2

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13044/1822

Przeglądaj

Przeglądanie 2024, Volume 18, Issue 2 według Tytuł

  • Rekord
    Analysis of surgical procedures in people of geriatric age
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-01-29) Wróblewska, Zuzanna ; Chmielewski, Jarosław Piotr ; Motyl, Michał ; Czarny-Działak, Małgorzata ; Kowalczyk, Michała ; Król, Halina ; Wróblewska, Izabela
    Background. The aim of the study was the analysis of the type of surgical operations conducted in geriatric age patients and factors impacting wound healing and the well-being of seniors. Material and methods. The study was conducted from July 2022 to April 2023, involving a group of 209 participants residing in surgical wards. The selection criteria included being aged 65 years and above, having gone through a surgical operation and allowing access to full medical records. The study used a self-developed questionnaire, as well as standardized scales: VAS, SGA and SSCh. The verification for existing relationships was conducted using the Chi-square test, with a statistical significance set at p=0.05. Results. The majority of the participating sample were males (N=125; 58.81%), and aged 79 and above (N=146; 69.85%). No microbiological test was conducted prior to the surgery in the majority of the participants (N=203; 97.13%). The most common procedures conducted were hernia surgeries (N=48; 22.97%) and proctologic procedures (N=46; 22.00%). Prior to the procedure, the skin was clean (N=150; 71.77%). The surgery was most often performed on patients above the age of 79 years (N=146; 69.85%). Conclusions. The number of conducted surgical operations increases with age. The procedures most commonly carried out on senior patients are planned hernia surgeries and proctologic procedures.
  • Rekord
    Community pharmacist-physician collaboration in managing polypharmacy and multimorbidity in Poland and Portugal
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2024-04-04) Prazeres, Filipe
    Pharmacist-physician collaboration is fundamental in managing the increasing burden of chronic diseases, which often contribute to polypharmacy (five or more medications) for treatment. Polypharmacy is a matter of serious concern since it is linked with negative health outcomes. Like in Poland, the Portuguese healthcare system faces the burden of chronic diseases with a high frequency of multimorbidity (two or more chronic health problems) in more than 70% of adult patients in the primary care setting. In Portugal, the cooperation of primary care physicians and pharmacists is also scarce. But in my opinion, they should be working closely together to ensure the safe and effective use of medications, minimize adverse drug reactions, and optimize therapeutic outcomes to reduce polypharmacy as it was recognized by the physiciansin- training in the study by Wrześniewska-Wal et al., especially when managing patients with multimorbidity.
  • Rekord
    Effect of dancing on Parkinson’s disease patients
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2024-01-29) Soloh, Anaam ; Hammoud, Sahar ; Perjés, Beatrix ; Prémusz, Viktória
    Background. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological chronic disorder that impacts motor and non-motor functions. It has been shown that rhythmic movements reduce PD symptoms. Thus, the aim in this study was to investigate the effect of dancing on PD patients as a non-pharmacological treatment. Material and methods. A quasi-experimental, interventional, follow-up study involved 23 PD patients (average age 62.6±8.8 years): 8 patients in the intervention group (IG) and 15 in the control group (CG). SF-36 and PDQ-39 validated questionnaires were used to collect health status and quality of life (QoL) data. BBT and FSST tests were applied to measure balance and speed. Data was collected from February 2021 to January 2022. Statistical analysis was conducted by IBM SPSS. The significance level was p<0.05. Results. In SF-36, only 13.3% of the patients from the CG and 37.5% from the IG reported very good or good health. However, the difference was not significant (p=0.681). Regarding QoL, the IG had higher mobility (p=0.873), daily activities (p=0.083), well-being (p=0.082), cognition (p=0.335) and communication (p=0.811) than the CG but the results were not significant. Concerning FSST, significant balance differences were found in all trials (FSST trials) (p≤0.001, p=0.035, p≤0.001). BBT improved but not significantly. Conclusions. Dance intervention could improve PD patients’ balance according to the BBT and FSST results. Further studies are needed to prove the dance effect on health status and QoL.
  • Rekord
    How ChatGPT answers urinary incontinence questions: an exploratory study
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2024-01-29) Ölmez Yalazı, Rüveyda ; Demirci, Nurdan
    There have been advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning in the last decade, and these technologies are becoming applicable in many industries such as healthcare. In November 2022, the nonprofit OpenAI Inc., an AI company based in San Francisco, California (USA) developed the chatbot named ChatGPT. They claim that they have created an extremely popular application; a language-based interaction chatbot. According to Hopkins et al., significant language models like ChatGPT are expected to fundamentally alter how patients inquire about their state of health. Making recommendations like “make an appointment with a GP” or “go to the hospital” are given by the Babylon chatbot when used as a symptom checker in the UK. A review emphasized the value of ChatGPT as a tool for healthcare professionals because of its capacity to generate text in natural language, summarize huge amounts of data, and provide particular answers, but also the necessity of keeping up with the most recent tools and methods. In this context, it is believed that incorrect content development can have major detrimental effects on health services; healthcare practices place a strong emphasis on careful evaluation by healthcare specialists.
  • Rekord
    Knowledge of diabetes among Czech outpatient nurses to provide quality care and education to diabetics: a cross-sectional study
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-11-30) Kudlová, Pavla ; Kočvarová, Ilona
    Background. Currently, 1 million diabetics (i.e., 10% of Czech people) in the Czech Republic use outpatient services. Nurses are key members of outpatient health care. The aim of the study was to evaluate knowledge about diabetes among outpatient registered nurses. Material and methods. A cross-sectional quantitative study, using a standardized questionnaire, was conducted on a sample of 441 outpatient registered nurses in 2019-2020. Descriptive and regression analysis in an exploratory regime was used to analyze the data. Results. Respondents achieved 7-43 points (26 on average), which corresponds to a 60% success rate on the knowledge test. The best results regarding knowledge of diabetes mellitus were achieved by nurses working in diabetology outpatient departments (10 points more than other outpatient departments according to a regression analysis). On the other hand, no correlation between the length of practice or age of registered nurses was proven. Conclusions. Nurses providing primary care or other specialist care to people with diabetes do not have the knowledge to provide quality care and education to them. Therefore, greater attention must be paid to educating outpatient nurses in diabetes management.
  • Rekord
    Myelodysplastic syndrome not otherwise classified. Do automatic methods correlate with the microscopic method of blood smear assessment?
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2024-01-29) Małecka-Giełdowska, Milena ; Poreda, Katarzyna ; Skwarek, Agata ; Lulek, Michalina
    Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of clonal malignancies of the hematopoietic system, characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis with peripheral cytopenias. The aim of the study was to detect differences between automatic leukocyte separation and microscopic evaluation of a blood smear in a patient with MDS. A 68-year-old patient with a history of MDS pancytopenia and vascular bleeding diathesis was admitted to the Department of Internal Diseases and Endocrinology of the University Clinical Centre of the Medical University of Warsaw. The patient was diagnosed with metabolic alkalosis, renal failure and hyperparathyroidism. Morphological examinations showed persistent pancytopenia. The microscopic evaluation of the blood smear showed features of dysplasia, e.g. asynchrony of nucleus/cytoplasm maturation, hypogranulation of the granulocyte cytoplasm, unequal distribution of granules in the cytoplasm, and hyposegmentation in neutrophils. Complete blood count and blood smear were presented as percentages obtained from automatic leukocyte separation and microscopic smear evaluation of three consecutive patient examinations, respectively. The largest discrepancies were in the proportion of eosinophils (0.6%/1.3%/0% vs. 29.5%/26.0%/9.0%), neutrophils (49.7%/41.7%/32.4% vs 26.0%/ 13.6%/22.0%) and atypical lymphocytes (4.4%/2.9% vs 2.4%/5.0%). Microscopic analysis also showed the presence of eosinophils at various stages of maturation (eosinophilic myelocytes). Automatic blood smear analysis compared to manual analysis can show significantly different results. To diagnose diseases of the hematopoietic system, it is recommended to verify the results of the tests using the microscopic method. Bone marrow cytogenetic and molecular tests can also be performed as an auxiliary.
  • Rekord
    Nursing care and education of the family of a child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-12-18) Nazaruk, Stanisława Katarzyna ; Kulik, Anna ; Sokołowska, Barbara ; Tkachuk, Tamara ; Sobieszczuk, Katarzyna
    Some individuals suffer from a little-known, rare genetic disease called Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In Poland, approximately 40 boys are born with this condition every year. Therefore, paying attention to people with this rare disease was the motivation to undertake a qualitative study in order to identify the tasks of the nurse in terms of medical care and education of both the patient himself and his family, based on a case study. An interview technique, observation and analysis of medical records were used to develop the case study. As a result, the 2023 research material necessary for the case study was collected, which included: information on the patient’s medical history, observation of the patient, the problems faced each day, the planned goals of assistance, the nursing interventions and their evaluation, the time of their implementation and their effects. Based on the study, it should be concluded that caring for a person with Duchenne muscular dystrophy presents a number of challenges. In such a case, a holistic approach to the patient is required that encompasses all areas of life and all aspects of the disease. The nurse not only deals with medical problems, but also provides support with mental, social and spiritual problems. The patient also needs care and support from the family, and education is helpful in preparing them to fulfil these tasks.
  • Rekord
    Profile of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection: a single-center retrospective study
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2024-01-31) Węgrzynek-Gallina, Julia ; Pilśniak, Joanna ; Pilśniak, Aleksandra ; Jarosińska, Agnieszka ; Pietrukaniec, Marta ; Holecki, Michał
    Background. The purpose of this study was to examine the profile of COVID-19 patients hospitalized at the Department of Internal, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases of Central Clinical Hospital of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis included all patients admitted to COVID-19 Internal Medicine Ward from November 2020 to June 2021. Collected data embraced: gender, age, date of admission, length of hospital stays, the mode of admission, main diagnoses and comorbidities, discharge mode from the hospital, and cause of death. Results. The study group comprised 232 patients (124 (53.4%) males) diagnosed with COVID-19, mean age of 66.5±14.7 (24-96) years old. The number of coexisting cardiovascular diseases, diagnosis of chronic heart failure, and ischemic heart disease were statistically significantly associated with mortality of patients. The average length of hospitalization was 9.96±6.35 (0-35) days. It was significantly longer among patients diagnosed with kidney and urinary tract diseases (11 (6.0-14.0) vs. 9 (5.0-15.0) days, p=0.022), especially with urinary tract infection (13.5 (9.0-18.8) vs. 9 (5.0-12.0) days, p=0.003). Coexisting infections other than COVID-19 (9 (5.0-12.0) vs. 5 (10.3-23.0) days, p<0.001) and vitamin D deficiency (8 (4.0-12.0) vs. 12 (10.0-17.0) days, p<0.001) were also significant factors in prolonging hospital stay. Conclusions. Among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, cardiovascular diseases are significant factors associated with mortality. Coexisting infections and vitamin D deficiency may prolong the hospitalization.
  • Rekord
    Quality of aging of seniors living in the cities of the Silesian conurbation
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-12-19) Szynal, Magdalena ; Dąbek, Józefa
    Background. Seniors’ quality of aging has become the subject of many studies in recent years. This is related to the progressive aging of societies. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of aging of seniors living in the cities of the Silesian conurbation. Material and methods. 436 seniors from Silesian conurbation cities were surveyed, including 340 (77.98%) attending the Universities of the Third Age (UTA) classes and 96 (22.02%) not attending. The research tool was the original questionnaire supplemented with the standardized SAI questionnaire. Results. The successful aging rate in the group of seniors participating in the UTA classes was slightly higher (11.75) than in the group of seniors not participating (11.43). They also most often assessed their health condition as good and declared an active way of spending their free time. Those who did not participate assessed their health as average and declared a passive way of spending free time. Seniors of both groups were independent in performing everyday activities, meeting family and friends and were systematically examined. Most of the surveyed seniors attended the cinema/theater or museum several times a year, over half consumed alcohol and over one third used tobacco. Conclusions. The quality of aging of the surveyed seniors living in the cities of the Silesian conurbation was good. Seniors, regardless of attending the UTA classes or not, actively participated in social and cultural life, and were regularly examined, but unfortunately used stimulants.
  • Rekord
    Rescue carried out in water areas by firefighting units in Poland in the years 2020-2022
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-12-12) Kubiak, Tomasz ; Dudziński, Łukasz
    Background. The aim of the work was the analysis of the interventions of firefighting units in water areas in the years 2020-2022 in Poland taking into account the victims and the risks to the health of the rescuers. Material and methods. The paper uses the data originating from the Decision Support System of the State Fire Service (SFS), which have been made available by the Bureau of Operational Planning and the Commander-in- Chief’s Bureau. The analyzed material spans three years: 2020, 2021 and 2022. The digital data from the Decision Support System were recorded in accordance with the guidelines of the National General Command of the SFS. Results. According to the SFS’s records, in the years 2020-2022 rescue services intervened 1.77 mln times, including 17,938 in water areas. The interventions of firefighters in water areas constituted approx. 1% of all interventions carried out in the investigated years. Among all the interventions in water areas in the years 2020-2022, 1,029 were operations under water and under ice. Conclusions. The most operations in water areas take place in coastal voivodeships, and those with lakelands that are attractive in the holiday period. In order for the operations to be effective, it is important for services and entities specialized in rescue in water areas to cooperate with each other. Water rescue also means risk to the rescuers who are involved in accidents during rescue operations each year. The statistics of drownings in the last decade have a downward trend, which may be related to greater social awareness, but also to the development of water rescue.
  • Rekord
    Review of selected air pollutants in Bielsko-Biała in 2018-2022
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2024-02-02) Góra, Dariusz
    Background. Based on the European Commission’s analysis, approximately 47,000 Polish residents die prematurely every year due to air pollution, including 36,500 due to PM2.5 suspended dust. Short-term exposure to dust causes a severe reaction in the most sensitive groups of the population, and the effects of this exposure may include adverse impact on lung function, premature deaths and more days absent from school and work. The objectives of this study were to assess the level of atmospheric air pollution in the city of Bielsko-Biała in the years 2018-2022 in terms of nitrogen dioxide, suspended dust PM2.5 and PM10, benzene, benzo(a)pyrene, lead, cadmium and arsenic. The number of hospitalized residents of Poland and the Silesian Voivodeship in the years 2018-2022 due to cancer, respiratory and circulatory system diseases, congenital defects and deformities was also analyzed. Material and methods. The article takes into account data from the Provincial Inspectorate of Environmental Protection in Katowice and the Health Department of the Silesian Provincial Office in Katowice. Results. In the years 2018-2022, the average annual concentration of suspended dust decreased. The most hospitalized residents of the Silesian Voivodeship and Poland due to cancer were recorded in 2018 and amounted to 237.3/10,000 and 243.4/10,000, respectively, while the least were in 2022: 211.6/10,000 and 218.3/10,000. Conclusions. In the analyzed period from 2018 to 2022, the discussed average annual concentrations of substances and elements were not exceeded. Number of hospitalized residents of Poland and the Silesian Voivodeship due to cancer and respiratory diseases is decreasing.
  • Rekord
    Surveillance of physical activity and sedentary behavior in Polish children and adolescents: a scoping review of literature from 2000 to 2022
    (Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2024-02-09) Ziemba, Mateusz ; Groffik, Dorota ; Frömel, Karel ; Vorlíček, Michal
    The aim of this study was to map available data related to physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in Polish children and adolescents and, based on the collected conclusions, to present suggestions for promoting PA and reducing sedentary behavior. The analysis of literature was performed according to PRISMA-ScR, based on the Medical Subject Headings System of National Library of Medicine. MEDLINE and PubMed databases were used. We searched for publications between January 2000 and December 2022. 634 publications were identified, and 47 were included. The publications conducted focused on adolescents who were approximately 15 years of age. Larger percentage of girls participated in the survey. Publications have confirmed non-fulfilment of PA recommendations for maintaining the health of Polish children and youth. The 33% representation of publications dealing with the issue of PA and SB in an international context is positive. The diversity and breadth of approaches to solving PA and SB issues are beneficial, but at the same time, it draws attention to the lack of a national system for monitoring the physical and sedentary behavior of children and youth in Poland. Future research should focus more on monitoring of health-related 24-hour time use patterns, usage of wearable monitors for measurement of PA, use of a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as the use of an all-Polish representative research sample.