2023, Volume 17, Issue 2
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RekordDetermination of the epidemic threshold of an infectious disease(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Kashuba, Nikolay ; Melnyk, NataliiaBackground. The purpose of this work was to develop a program algorithm for calculating and graphically constructing the level of the epidemic threshold of an infectious disease. Material and methods. To calculate the epidemic threshold of an infectious disease, a statistical method was applied. Microsoft Visual Basic was used (as a programming language and development environment) to write the program algorithm. MS Excel was used to enter the input data of the weekly incidence rate. Results. The algorithm of the program is quite easy to use; it consists of 12 consecutive steps with the entry of relevant data in each field of the window that appears. Thus, weekly information on the level of morbidity in a certain region for any period of the year (maximum 52 weeks) is entered into the program. After entering the information, the program displays a graph with the epidemic threshold value for each week. Due to this, it is possible to compare the level of the epidemic threshold in different periods of the year. Conclusions. The developed computer program makes it possible to determine the epidemic threshold of any infectious disease. It can be used to analyze and predict any infectious processes that are permanent, including COVID-19.
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RekordDetermination of the Internet addiction among students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences and the Faculty of Health Sciences and its association to physical activity(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Cincik, Merve ; Cicek, Guner ; Ozdurak Singin, Rabia HurremBackground. The aim of this study was to determine the Internet addiction level of university students and to investigate if there is an association between the Internet addiction and physical activity (PA). Material and methods. A total of 1419 participants studying at the Faculty of Sports Sciences (n=609) and the Faculty of Health Sciences (n=810) volunteered in the study and filled in the Personal Information Form. Data for the Internet addiction and PA level was collected by using Young’s Internet Addiction Scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), respectively. Results. According to the results of the study, the Internet addiction level of university students was mainly asymptomatic (90.3%), and only (9.7%) of all students showed limited symptoms. None of the students fell into the category of pathological Internet users in both faculties. The results revealed that 64.8% of the participants were found to be inactive, whereas only 35.2% of the students were physically active. According to the results, 92.3% of students who do high levels of PA were asymptomatic, and only 7.7% of them showed limited symptoms. Conclusions. Although it is believed that young adults use the Internet very actively and are prone to addiction, the results of the study showed that the rate of the Internet addiction symptoms in students is quite low, and none of the students suffer pathological symptoms of using the Internet.
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RekordThe effect of combined action of types of lead nanoparticles and stearates on indicators of the oxidative stress in the body of experimental animals(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Fedoriv, Olha ; Melnyk, Nataliia ; Kopach, OleksandraBackground. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of the combined action of nanoparticles of stearates and lead on the state of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense, and the level of circulating immune complexes in experimental rats. Material and methods. Experiments were conducted on four groups of white rats. The first (control) and second groups of animals consumed dechlorinated water from the city water supply. The third and fourth groups of animals consumed water, respectively, with the content of sodium stearate and potassium stearate in a dose of 1/250 LD50. After 40 days of drinking the indicated waters, the animals of the second, third, and fourth groups were orally injected with lead nanoparticles at a dose of 1/250 of the LD50. Results. The combined effect of sodium stearate and lead nanoparticles, potassium stearate, and lead nanoparticles had the character of additive action and potentiation according to most indicators of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection. According to the change of the circulating immune complexes indicator in the blood, it had the character of antagonistic action. Conclusions. The studies have shown that, in most indicators of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system, the combined action of lead nanoparticles and stearates had the character of potentiation.
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RekordEffect of zero calorie drinks on sensory-specific satiety(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Reimisz, PatrykBackground. Both the problem of obesity and the fashion for being ‘fit’ are prompting food manufacturers to reduce the calorie content of products by replacing sugar with substitutes, among others. It is unclear whether these treatments actually reduce the total energy intake. The aim of the study was to determine whether having a meal with a zero calorie sweet drink would induce sensory-specific satiety and lead to a reduced appetite for dessert. Material and methods. Forty-eight students of the University of Life Sciences in Poznań took part in the study. To determine the significance of the difference in the amount of chocolate consumed when pairing a meal with a zero calorie sweet drink versus sparkling water, a T-test was employed. Results. The results of the T-test proved that pairing a meal with a zero calorie sweet drink, compared to having it with sparkling water, leads to a lower consumption of chocolate for dessert. Conclusions. The results of the study would suggest that people who tend to reach for sugary snacks after a meal can reduce their cravings for sweets by drinking a zero calorie drink with their meal. More research is needed to answer the question of whether this type of satiety persists between meals and whether it leads to a later compensation of energy intake, causing a so-called rebound effect. There is also a risk that the side effects of using certain sweeteners in the long term may outweigh the benefits of temporary appetite suppression.
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RekordEfficiency of neoadjuvant therapy of malignant tumors of the mediastinal and chest wall(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Zakharychev, Valerii ; Gordiichuk, Prokip ; Gordiichuk, MykolaBackground. Primary tumors of the mediastinum and chest wall are heterogeneous in morphological structure, united only by anatomical localization. Considering their proximity to the vital structures of the mediastinum, their treatment is a complex task that requires a personalized approach in the selection of neoadjuvant therapy. Material and methods. The results of surgical, combined and complex treatment of 1,375 patients with primary malignant tumors of the mediastinum, and 98 patients with malignant tumors of the chest wall were analyzed. Various treatment methods were used in the neoadjuvant regime: radiotherapy, thermoradiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy and intra-arterial regional chemotherapy. Results. The results proved that the use of intra-arterial neoadjuvant chemotherapy (IACT) has a better degree of tumor regression (p<0.05) and the lowest frequency of metastases compared with the use of radiotherapy and thermoradiotherapy (p<0.001). When compared with the use of chemoradiation therapy, there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). The results of 3-year and 5-year survival rate did not have a statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the variants of neoadjuvant therapy. Conclusions. In the treatment of patients with malignant tumors of the mediastinum and chest wall, the use of neoadjuvant therapy is mandatory. When a malignant tumor is localized in the anterior mediastinum, anterior and side wall of the chest, in the blood circulation zone of a. thoracica interna, a promising variant of neoadjuvant therapy is intra-arterial regional chemotherapy.
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RekordFlat feet in children: the state of the problem and pedagogical technology of correction(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Hakobyan, Armen ; Chatinyan, AshotBackground. According to the data from the World Health Organization, the condition of children’s feet is unsatisfactory. An effective solution to this problem requires the development of pedagogic and health correction technologies, the basis of which should consist of the joint effort of orthopedists, coaches and the family, founded on the advice of orthopedists, therapeutic swimming and corrective gymnastics. The aim of this research is to study the effectiveness of the technology of orthopedist-coach-parent joint activity in correcting foot problems in children between the ages of 11 and 12. Material and methods. The condition of the locomotor system in children was assessed using the plantographic method. In order to correct foot disorders, a program was developed whose effectiveness was studied in a scientific pedagogical experiment. Results. As a result of the pedagogical experiment, the indicators of the first degree of flat feet of all 5 children in the experimental group were significantly reduced, and no significant improvement was recorded in the control group. Conclusions. The results of the research showed that the correction of deviations in the locomotor system is more effective if it is carried out as a result of collaboration between the orthopedist, a coach and parents, using therapeutic swimming and corrective gymnastics, as well as maintaining the orthopedic regime.
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RekordThe influence of comorbid gastroenterological pathology with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency on the course of primary osteoarthritis(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Halabitska, Iryna ; Babinets, LiliyaBackground. About 303 million people worldwide suffer from osteoarthritis, creating a global medical problem that affects not only the individual patient but also society as a whole. Material and methods. 304 patients with primary osteoarthritis in comorbidity with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, without exacerbation, were examined. Results. The level of the WOMAC index scales in the 5th group was higher by 40.89% for pain, 79.74% for stiffness, 35.05% for functional insufficiency, and by 40.02% in total compared with the 1st group; in the 4th group, the level of indicators of the WOMAC index scales was higher by 9.60%, by 17.36%, by 10.01% and 10.40%, respectively; in the 3rd group, an increase of 17.24% was found, by 34.73%, by 19.15% and by 19.10%, respectively; in the 2nd group, there was a higher level of these indicators by 28.44%, by 56.59%, by 26.19%, and by 29.02%, respectively. Conclusions. As evidenced by the post hoc analysis of the WOMAC index data obtained for the course of primary osteoarthritis, starting from the highest, it was shown that: type 2 diabetes mellitus ˃ chronic pancreatitis ˃ chronic non-calculous cholecystitis and functional diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tract systems ˃ chronic gastroduodenitis (р˂0.05).
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RekordInternational co-operation of higher education institutions for the innovation and exchange of good practices in sport management: the MOSMEN educational project(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Stelmach, Marian J. ; Paár, Dávid ; Matić, RadenkoIn the 1990s, there were significant social and economic changes in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), significantly impacting the sports sector’s development. After the collapse of the Eastern Bloc, CEE countries underwent a political, economic, and social transformation process, which also had significant consequences for the sports industry. One of the critical elements of the transformation was opening of borders, establishing business relations with Western Europe, and, subsequently, integrating most of CEE countries with the European Union. This new situation increased the possibility of the free movement of people, goods, and capital, translating into more sports investments. Although more than 30 years have passed since those political and social changes, we still see a need for highly skilled sports professionals in most postcommunist countries – the centrally controlled management model (still dominant in Poland and many CEE countries) is ineffective. Adopting a sustainable managerial approach is necessary, including harmonizing sports and economic goals and using strategies and tools used to manage other economic sectors. In the context of sport management, the managerial approach should ensure not only the achievement of sports success and the improvement of financial results (e.g., of a sports club), but also the undertaking of actions to promote physical activity and “sport for everyone” to build the health and sports potential of the whole society.
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RekordProperties and pathogenicity of the Vibrio bacilli(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Tarasiuk, Karolina ; Weiner, MarcinCurrently, among 36 species of the Vibrio genus, 12 are potentially pathogenic to humans. The purpose of this study is to present the properties and pathogenicity of the Vibrio bacilli. The Vibrio family are pathogenic to humans causing dangerous infectious diseases that may often be fatal in the absence of effective therapy, but are also an infectious agent among animals. The most characteristic representative of the Vibrionaceae family is the species Vibrio cholerae. There are two strains that disrupt the water and electrolyte balance in humans: V. cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139. The V. cholerae O1 serotype has two biotypes: classical and El Tor. Three serotypes are distinguished in each biotype – Inaba, Ogawa and Hikojima. The El Tor biotype shows the ability to survive and colonize the human body, causing chronic carrier state. Infections caused by species other than V. cholerae a re r eferred t o b y t he p refix “ non” o r N AG ( Non-AgglutinatinGVibrio) – V. cholerae non-O1 and V. cholerae non-O139. They are found in natural bodies of water, lakes, estuaries and marine waters. In Poland, V. cholerae non-O1 and V. cholerae non-O139 were confirmed in previous years in the Bug River, near the border with Ukraine, during the summerautumn period.
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RekordUse of low-calorie sweeteners in treating obesity(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-06-28) Reimisz, PatrykReducing body fat through conservative interventions is a frustrating process for obese people, hence the search for additional ways that can help patients persevere with longterm treatment procedures. Although data obtained from scientific studies do not allow for drawing clear conclusions about the use of sweeteners in the treatment of obesity, their appropriate use may prove beneficial. A review of the current literature was conducted to find the answers to the question of where such large discrepancies come from. It allowed for drawing the following conclusions: 1) Obese individuals may differ significantly in their sensitivity to sweet taste and even the sweeteners themselves; 2) The long-term effects of some sweeteners may neutralize the effect associated with short-term sweet appetite relief and even lead to the greater energy intake and/or utilization; 3) Natural sweeteners differ significantly from artificial sweeteners in terms of long-term effects; 4) The psychological effects of the sweeteners use (e.g., the acquiescence effect) may at least partially attenuate their inhibitory effects on food intake. Based on the review, guidance was developed for obesity practitioners and their patients regarding the use of sugar substitutes in fat reduction.