2025, Volume 19, Issue 3
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RekordEtiological Agents and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Surgical Site Infection Isolates: A Single-Center Experience in Bulgaria(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2025)Background. Surgical site infections represent the leading complication in surgical departments and are often associated with higher costs, treatment duration and mortality. The present study has evaluated the incidence, the bacteriological profile and the antibiotic resistance pattern of surgical site infection pathogens isolated in the Military Medical Academy in Varna, Bulgaria. Material and methods. A total of 463 isolates were obtained from 957 surgical site samples investigated from January 2019 to December 2021. Their antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method following the EUCAST guidelines. Results. The most common isolates for the study period were coagulase-negative staphylococci (21.8%) and Escherichia coli (17.3%). Vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid were fully effective against staphylococci and enterococci, while colistin, imipenem, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam were fully effective against Enterobacteriaceae. Similarly, the most active with 100% retained activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii was colistin. Conclusions. The etiological structure of surgical site infections in the Military Medical Academy in Varna was comparable to that found in other studies, with a prevalence of staphylococci and enteric bacteria. We found a significant number of isolates resistant to commonly used antibiotics, which limits available treatment options. Strict and active antimicrobial resistance surveillance should be adapted to a larger extent to prevent the emergence of resistant strains.
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RekordContribution of Biological Treatment to the Final Effect of Rehabilitation in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2025)Background. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) primarily targets the spine and sacroiliac joints, manifesting as a chronic inflammatory autoimmune condition. The aim of the study was to investigate the benefits of biological therapy on the final effect of rehabilitation in patients with AS. Material and methods. A total of 60 patients with a mean age of 45 years who were diagnosed with stage II-III AS participated in the study. In addition to rehabilitation, 30 patients received conventional treatment and 30 patients received biological treatment. The functional disability was assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) questionnaire and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) questionnaire was used to assess disease activity. Results. Significant reductions in functional disability and disease activity were observed in both groups of patients (p˂0.001) after treatment (conventional/biological and rehabilitation). Statistical processing of the outcome results revealed that patients in the second group (with biological treatment) had a significantly lower rate of functional disability (BASFI=31) after treatment compared to the first group of patients (BASFI=35) (p=0.032). Disease activity was comparable in both groups of patients after treatment, but no significant difference was found (p=0.063). Conclusions. The study demonstrated that rehabilitation has a positive effect on functional disability and disease activity, with significantly better outcomes found in the biological therapy group of patients compared to the conventional therapy group of patients.
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RekordEffectiveness of the Technology for Developing Professionally Important Qualities of Cadets of Higher Education Institutions of the National Guard of Ukraine Through Sports and Physical Training(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2025)Background. In Ukraine, there is an urgent need for significant improvement in the efficiency of training personnel of the security and defense sector during service in extreme and psychologically tense situations. Material and methods. The research consisted of two stages: preliminary and main. 15 experts were involved in the main stage of the research. The Delphi method was used to assess the effectiveness of the technology. Results. B ased on t he preliminary s tage of t he r esearch, a t echnology w as justified a nd created for the development of professionally important qualities of cadets of higher education institutions of the National Guard of Ukraine through sports and physical training. The components of the technology included the target, organizational-content, and result-control blocks, as well as the block for analyzing the requirements for future officers. Conclusions. The technology for the development of professionally important qualities of cadets of higher educational institutions of the National Guard of Ukraine by means of sports and physical training is a new, original development, which is characterized by conciseness, high practical significance, and scientific importance for the industry, and has a high (8.41±0.13 out of 9 possible points) predictive efficiency.
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RekordHealth Education Project's Effect on Elementary School Students' Health Status(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2025)Background. The goal of this study was to prove that children’s physical activity decreases with age. A significant correlation was found between health awareness and regular exercise. The deliberately designed elementary school health education program had a positive effect on health behavior. Material and methods. The same questionnaire was used every year. Questions were alternately connected to health and sports subjects. The nutrition habits and trends of the students were explored, and personal opinions and feedback were welcomed. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis (p<0.05) were applied. Students were aged from 11 to 14 years. Results. Based on the BMI, more than 13% of the students were morbidly obese or undernourished. Almost 10% of the students were overweight or obese. More than 65% of students engaged in sports on a regular basis at the lowest estimate 2 or 3 times a week. Nearly 10% of children never participated in sport activity or physical exercise outside of physical education classes. Conclusions. Starting from the 8th grade, it would be important to include informational lectures on appropriate training in the curriculum, and it is also important to promote a healthy lifestyle among both parents and children and to operate a healthy school canteen. The infrastructure of schools and the range of sports activities should be improved.
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RekordDevelopment or Decline of Physical Culture? Physical Activity of the Alpha Generation from the Polish Perspective(Akademia Bialska im. Jana Pawła II, 2025)There is evidence of a decline in interest in physical activity among the Alpha Generation. It is therefore evident that physical culture must adapt to the specific characteristics of the youngest generation if it is to survive. In light of the aforementioned considerations, the objective of this humanist article is to ascertain whether physical culture can evolve in a manner that will ensure its continued existence or whether it is on a trajectory towards decline. This qualitative research presents a summary of the observations made and allows us to formulate a general thesis. The characteristics of the Alpha Generation are presented herewith, with an emphasis on the advantages and disadvantages inherent in their enhanced digital proficiency and the concomitant challenges to social cohesion. It was indicated that their expectations of physical activities were focused on e-sports and smart technology. It can be considered that the next phase of physical culture development will take place through the introduction of e-sports and smart technology into the physical activities undertaken by the Alpha Generation. At the same time, this development must be sustainable, in that it must still recognize the traditional values of physical culture. This will ensure that the generation in question functions well both with and without technology.