2020, Volume 14, Issue 1
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RekordChanges in electroencephalogram (EEG) power during subdominant (left) hand finger movements in females with different alpha rhythm characteristics(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2020-03-04)Background. This study investigates the indicators of electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillatory activity and processes that are correlated with manual movements executed by the subdominant (left) hand in women with a high or a low individual α-frequency. Material and methods. 113 healthy right-handed women from the ages of 19 to 21 were divided randomly into two experimental groups with high (n = 59, IαF > 10.25 Hz) and low (n = 54, IαF ≤ 10.25 Hz) individual EEG α-frequency (IαF). EEG power during flexion or extension of the subdominant hand fingers was evaluated. Results. Manual movements performed by women, especially those exhibiting high modal α-frequency, were accompanied by reduced α and β power in mid and posterior cortical areas. These changes occurred in combination with a local power increase in α1-oscillations in the frontal leads. A local increase of α3-activity in the frontal cortex areas was also revealed in women with low IαF. In this same group of women, generalized increases in EEG power of θ-, β- and γ-oscillations were observed in the cortex. Conclusions. These results revealed a greater redundancy of brain processes in women with low IαF power compared to women with high α-frequency.
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RekordProcessing information in the go/nogo/go paradigm: interactions between cognitive function and the autonomic nervous system(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2020-04-09)Background. The association between cognitive function and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) was studied using a go/nogo/go paradigm. Material and methods. Cognitive tasks involved determining signal modality, visual shapes or word meaning, as well as quick error-free reactions with the left (gol) or right (gor) hand or motor inhibition (nogo). The rate of signal presentation increased gradually (30, 60, 90 and 120 per minute). The ANS was examined based on heart rate variability (HRV), scattergram area (S), periodic (SD2) and aperiodic (SD1) oscillations of correlation rhythmography (CR). Results. Differentiation of verbal and visual cues presented at a low rate was associated with increased activity of cognitive and neurophysiological mechanisms of ANS regulation, coordinated sympathoparasympathetic interaction, and enhanced integrative processes. High rate presentations led to divergent changes in cognitive function and ANS: increased HRV and decreased SD1 and SD2, increased number of errors, and decreased motor reaction time and S. Conclusions. Interactions between cognitive function and ANS were related to the rate of presentation and signal modality: increased interactions occurred with low rate presentations, whereas, high rate (visual) presentations impaired performance and also reduced autonomic-cognitive interactions.
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RekordDietary supplements that contain biotin do not influence fluorescence thyroid-stimulating hormone values when screening for congenital hypothyroidism in newborns(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2020-02-24)Background. Biotin levels may interfere with immunological tests that use biotin-streptavidin complexes. Although the recommended daily intake (RDI) of biotin is 30 μg, some dietary supplements that are available without prescription contain double or even tenfold the RDI. Material and methods. To asses if biotin levels influence thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) serum concentrations using two different methods (chemiluminescent assay [CLIA] and fluorescent immunoassay [FEIA]), 110 samples from newborns and 64 samples from pregnant women in the first trimester were collected. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding dietary supplement use. Biotin levels were determined using the ELISA technique. Results. Biotin levels for newborns were 0.004-0.170 ng/ml and for pregnant women were 0.070-0.155 ng/ml (22 women were taking supplements containing from 30 μg to 35 mg of biotin). Biotin levels were below the value of 400 ng/ml stated by the manufacturer of the CLIA method to influence TSH levels. The FEIA manufacturer does not state the influence of biotin levels in the insert. Correlation tests results between TSH value and biotin were r=-0.1 for CLIA method and r=0.04 for FEIA method. Conclusions. According to our results, TSH values are not influenced by biotin levels even if the RDI was exceeded.
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RekordAssessment of vitamin D content in dietary supplements sold in EU pharmacies and supermarkets(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2019-08-23)One of the main fat-soluble vitamins is vitamin D, whose primary function is the regulation of calcium-phosphate metabolism and mineralization of bone tissue. Vitamin D occurs in two forms: vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) – found in plants and fungi (mainly yeasts) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) – produced in animals. Hypovitaminosis of vitamin D leads to metabolic bone diseases in children and adults and can also affect the incidence of many chronic diseases such as: multiple sclerosis, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, bronchial asthma, cancer, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease and heart failure. The aim of the current study was to assess the content of vitamin D in dietary supplements available in pharmacies and supermarkets in the EU. The evaluation involved analysing the ratio of vitamin D content in supplements in relation to the typical demand of the organism. This study assessed 15 popular over-the-counter dietary supplements in the form of tablets, capsules, lozenges and lollipops for children as well as in the form of effervescent tablets. On the basis of the labels on the packaging, the vitamin D content of the supplements was assessed in relation to the dietary demands of the body. Self-administration of over-the-counter multivitamin supplements is not an optimal way to increase vitamin D levels. It is recommended, therefore, that individuals requiring vitamin D supplementation seek specialist medical advice to optimal treatment strategies.
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RekordPhysical activity in primary and secondary physioprophylaxis(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2020-02-24)Physioprophylaxis is a physiotherapeutic procedure consisting in counteracting, slowing down, inhibiting or removing adverse effects associated with an incorrect lifestyle, involutionary changes and disease processes. Physical activity (PA), health education, reduction of risk factors, and functional diagnostics are used to implement these goals. Physioprophylaxis makes it possible to avoid or stop the development of functional problems or disorders. It enables the prevention of civilization diseases, aging processes and disability by performing professional and daily activities ergonomically. Physioprophylaxis introduces PA and behaviors that strengthen the factors influencing health protection by preventing health threats. The lack of theoretical studies devoted to physioprophylaxis highlights the need to examine this topic. The purpose of this article is to describe an exemplary description (the author’s) of primary and secondary physioprophylaxis using PA as an integral component of physical therapy, including its tasks. Primary physioprophylaxis strives to prevent the occurrence of diseases, and is directed towards healthy people. Secondary physioprophylaxis involves patients and is a selective process that prevents the recurrence of the disease being treated and also reduces other risks to health. Physioprophylaxis focusing on health threats in healthy people has been scientifically demonstrated to maintain and strengthen the current physiological and functional state. It is also a way to minimize the scope of adverse disorders associated with diseases for people with medical conditions achieved using PA.