2022, Volume 16, Issue 2
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RekordAmplitude-time characteristics of women’s brain activity associated with the motor response in the Stop-Signal task paradigm(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-06-30)Background. The amplitude-temporal characteristics of the event-related potentials of the cortex associated with the motor response were studied in women using the Stop-Signal task paradigm. Material and methods. The research involved 48 healthy, right-handed female volunteers between the ages of 18 and 23 years. Event-related potentials in the frontal, central, and parietal cortices were analyzed. The latency periods of the N2 and P3 components as well as the amplitudes of the N2 and P3 waves were determined. Results. The performance of the motor task in the Stop-Signal task paradigm was accompanied by a predominance of the N2 latency component in the parietal cortex areas, primarily in the right hemisphere, and the P3 component amplitude in the frontal area of the left hemisphere. A bilateral cortex response was revealed in the P3 latency component and the inter-peak amplitude of the P2N2 event-related potential interval. The local potential shift in the N2P3 peak interval was recorded in the right central and parietal areas, with a higher amplitude in the left hemisphere. Conclusions. The established characteristics of induced brain activity in women may support the idea of the multistage inhibitory process, which can require additional reassessment and categorization of the stimulus at the time of transition from the stage of an action’s “suspension” to its complete “cancellation.”
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RekordThe effect of an incubator cover designed to prevent noise and light on physiological parameters of preterm infants in a neonatal intensive care unit(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-06-30)Background. In order to support the physical and neurodevelopment of infants, they should be protected from intense light and noise in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). For this reason, specially designed incubator covers may be used to reduce noise and light in the NICU. Material and methods. The study was conducted as a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study, on a single group between February and May of 2015, in the NICU of a training and research hospital. The study sample consisted of 30 preterm infants selected randomly and according to inclusion criteria. Written and verbal consent was obtained from the family before starting the study. Data were collected using an information form, registration form, and sound level meter and a vital sign monitor. Results. The mean heart rate at 30 minutes was 134.93±14.63 beats per minute (bpm) in preterm infants in the incubator without a cover, and 131.63±11.95 bpm for preterm infants in the covered incubator. There was a statistically significant difference between the means. The mean respiratory rate at 30 minutes was 45.16±10.48 in preterms in the incubator without a cover and 41.95±9.86 in preterms in the covered incubator, and the difference between the means was significant. Conclusions. Incubator covers were effective at decreasing noise levels, and had a positive impact on the physiological parameters of preterms.
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RekordThe condition of the masticatory muscle group in the treatment of patients with reduced occlusion height(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-06-30)Background. Dysfunction of the masticatory muscle group occurs in all types of masticatory system pathology. This is sometimes associated with changes in the musculoskeletal system, which are manifested in hypertension and hypotonia of the masticatory group of muscles, that cause a decrease in occlusal height. Material and methods. There were 123 patients enrolled, aged 35-54 years, who were made temporary fixed, fiberglass-reinforced plastic prostheses for the upper or lower jaw. There are several methods to improve the quality of orthopedic treatment with fixed bridges with reduced occlusal height, considering the condition of the masticatory muscles. One is the use of temporary fixed structures that provide a gradual increase in occlusal height, allow muscles to adapt to new conditions, and promote restructuring of “usual” myostatic reflexes. Results. To examine the effect of fixed structures on the m. masseter and m. temporalis, a technology for the manufacture of advanced temporary bridges was developed. This allowed us to study the process of masticatory muscle group adaptation to fixed orthopedic structures kept on the abutment teeth of patients without fractures for 6 months. In addition, it was possible to prepare the dental and maxillofacial system for permanent orthopedic treatment. Conclusions. Determination of the average total values of m. masseter and m. temporalis allowed us to establish the most effective intervention for patients with reduced occlusion height before, 1 month, and 6 months after temporary orthopedic treatment. There was a tendency for patients of all groups to approach the absolute symmetry.
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RekordThe study of the TOCA football system for developing complex sport-specific skills among junior football players(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-06-30)Background. Numerous studies show that in addition to football’s physical and cognitive requirements, there is an increasing emphasis on acquiring a high level of technical skills at an early age. The aim of the research is to investigate an innovative football delivery machine used for technical skill development under two different training systems. Material and methods. Physiological parameters and locomotor skills were examined with a Polar Team Pro device during the study. Results. Significant differences were found in the results for maximum heart rate (p=0.015), number of sprints (p=0.009), time-proportionate running distance (p=0.000), and highintensity accelerations (p=0.002) and decelerations (p=0.001). Conclusions. The football delivery machine provided a more intense training session for athletes in terms of micro-movements. However, in terms of physiological parameters, the intensity did not reach the values measured during a traditional technical training session.
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RekordStructural and functional reorganization of the heart and its relationship with physical activities in elite football players(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-06-30)Background. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the structural and functional reorganization of the heart and their relationship with physical activity in elite football players. Material and methods. Characteristics of the myocardium and physical activity were studied using the Catapult Vector S7 GPS-sport telemetry system, “Polar” heart rate monitor, and echocardioscope. Results. Physical activity in the mode of high-speed running during games was found to contribute to an increase in playing activities of football players and structural and functional characteristics of the heart. A correlation (r=0.35-0.51; p=0.021-0.043) was obtained between the performance of football players, which was measured by distance, heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, stroke index, left ventricle mass. Statistically significant differences were found in the structural and functional characteristics of the myocardium: end-diastolic volume, endsystolic volume, stroke volume, stroke index, ejection fraction, myocardial contractility index, and left ventricle mass for groups of players with different gradations of distance in the mode of high-speed running. Conclusions. It was found that there is a relationship between the physical activities of highly qualified football players in the mode of speed running with the characteristics of the pumping function of the heart.