2023, Volume 16, Issue 1

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13044/1124

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Przeglądanie 2023, Volume 16, Issue 1 według Data wydania

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    Pre- and during-pandemic financial standing of companies in Poland ranked according to the type of business activity / Standing finansowy przedsiębiorstw w Polsce według rodzajów działalności w okresie przed pandemicznym i pandemicznym
    (Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-29) Lisek, Sławomir
    Subject and purpose of work: This paper seeks to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the financial standing of companies classified according to the type of their business activity. Materials and methods: This paper is based on aggregate data on businesses operating in Poland in the period 2017–2021, grouped according to the type of business activity. The data was published by the Central Statistical Office GUS in Poland. The company status was investigated using the calculated values of diagnostic indicators (return on assets, current financial liquidity, level of debt, stock rotation, and growth in sales). These indicators were normalized with the zero unitarization method to construct a synthetic indicator. The synthetic indicator was then used to generate business rankings. Results: The vast majority of the examined companies proved to be profitable. In 2020, the profitability and sales revenue of the businesses concerned were found to deteriorate slightly. There has been a downward trend in the rankings for companies operating in the accommodation and catering sector and the manufacturers of petroleum products. Pharmaceutical companies were the businesses that improved and topped the rankings. Conclusions: The pandemic had a strong negative impact on businesses operating in the market sector of accommodation and catering. The producers of refined petroleum products were also affected. The producers of pharmaceuticals benefited most during the pandemic. There are no clear indicators as to the impact of the pandemic on other types of businesses.
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    Regional discrepancies in the level of knowledge-based economy in Poland / Zróżnicowania regionalne gospodarki opartej na wiedzy w Polsce
    (Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-29) Bąk, Iwona Dorota
    Subject and purpose of work: This paper analyzes the level of knowledge-based economy (KBE) in terms of sustainable development across the provinces (voivodships) of Poland in 2020. The underlying assumption of this study is that knowledge and skills are one of the fundamental preconditions for successfully implementing the concept of sustainable development. Materials and methods: I n o rder t o c alculate t he r ankings o f P olish v oivodships a s ynthetic indicator developed on the basis of the zeroed unitarization method was used. Results: There are vast disproportions in the levels of KBE across the voivodeships of Poland. The most advanced KBE was identified in the Mazowieckie Voivodship, and the least developed KBE was found in the Lubuskie voivodship. Conclusions: T he c apacity t o d evelop a k nowledge-based e conomy i s i nextricably i nterrelated with the quality of the social capital, which is directly attributable to the levels of education. In order to offset the interregional disproportions spending on research and development needs to be increased and the investments in human capital (e.g. through career planning, training, improving the professional qualifications of employees, discretionary bonuses) and new technologies should be expanded.
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    The use of the hierarchical method to group the countries of the European Union according to their energy and climate policies adopted on the basis of directives of the European Parliament / Wykorzystanie metody hierarchicznej w grupowaniu krajów unii europejskiej pod względem polityki energetycznoklimatycznej podejmowanej w oparciu o dyrektywy parlamentu europejskiego
    (Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-29) Zioło, Monika ; Luty, Lidia
    Subject and purpose of work: The European Union’s energy policy focuses mainly on three areas: reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the energy sector by increasing the use of RES, reducing emissions of harmful pollutants, and increasing the efficiency of the electricity used. Sustainable energy use, on the other hand, is clearly associated with an increased use of renewable energy sources, which ensures energy security, as well as diversification of energy supplies that sustain and improve the quality of the environment. The purpose of the paper is to present the diversity of the countries of the European Union in terms of the actions they take in the field of energy and climate policy resulting from the European Union directives. Materials and methods: Based on the goals of energy policy presented in the EU directives a number of indicators were selected in order to describe the actions taken by EU member states. After a substantive and statistical verification, 6 variables were left. The use of the Ward’s method made it possible to create groups of countries that are similar in terms of their energy and climate policies. Conclusions: T he m ost f avorable s ituation i n t erms o f t he e ffects o f t he c limate a nd e nergy policy can be observed in the current leaders, that is in Sweden and Finland as well as in Estonia. Central European countries, mainly Poland, have high-emission economies, accompanied by low investment in modern environmentally friendly technologies. This is manifested, among others, in high concentrations of particulate matter, which contributes to poor air quality, categories in which Poland has some of the worst results in the entire EU.
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    Comparative analysis of methods for hourly electricity demand forecasting in the absence of data – a case study / Analiza porównawcza metod prognozowania godzinnego zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną przy brakach w danych – studium przypadku
    (Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-29) Zawadzki, Jan
    Scope and purpose of work: This paper examines the impact of the number of gaps in data, the analytical form, and the model type selection criterion on the accuracy of interpolation and extrapolation forecasts for hourly data. Materials and methods: Forecasts were developed on the basis of predictors that are based on: classical time series forecasting models and regression time series forecasting models, hybrid time series forecasting models and hybrid regression forecasting models for uncleared series, and exponential smoothing models for cleared series of two or three types of seasonal fluctuations, with minimum estimates of errors in interpolation or extrapolation forecasts. Results: Adaptive and hybrid regression models have proved to have the most favorable predictive properties. Most hybrid time series models for systematic and non-systematic gaps and for both analytical forms are single models that generally describe fluctuations within a 24-hour cycle. Conclusions: The lowest estimators of prediction errors involving interpolation were obtained for exponential smoothing models, followed by hybrid regression models. A reverse sequence was obtained for extrapolative forecasting.
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    Evaluation of the crop insurance performance in Haryana/ Ocena efektów działania programu ubezpieczeń upraw w stanie Haryana
    (Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-29) Sheoran, Vandana ; Kait, Rohtas
    Subject and purpose of the work: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the overall physical and financial performance of the crop insurance schemes in Haryana. Materials and methods: The study was purely based on secondary data collected from the Department of Agriculture and Farmer Welfare Union of Haryana. The compound annual growth rate and the percentage method have been used to analyse the performance of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana. Results: The compound annual growth rate of benefited farmers was higher in the Rabi crop (28%), and in the same way, the overall area covered (1.4%) was also higher in the Rabi crop. The non-loanee farmers adopted Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) without any kind of loan in any scheme such as the Kisan credit card. The growth rates of non-loanee farmers of Rabi and Kharif crops were observed at 143.2% and 184.3% which was highly satisfactory. Loanee farmers were already large in number since the commencement of PMFBY. Conclusions: It was found that the parameters such as area covered, loanee, non-loanee farmers and the number of beneficiaries of Rabi and Kharif crops increased and had a significant effect on the farmer’s coverage over the years. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana gives a positive assurance to farmers. As the number of beneficiaries of this scheme increases and farmers have the assurance that if their crop is damaged due to natural calamities their claim will be settled, they will use a high-yielding variety of seeds, pesticides, herbicides, and new technology, thus production and productivity will increase. They play a vital role in the coverage of cultivated area and will ultimately decide to participate in crop insurance. Hence, this scheme has proved effective in maintaining the farmer’s interest in crop insurance and ensuring the timely settlement of claims, which has been the main driving force in retaining farmers under crop insurance.
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    Integrated and organic systems of sustainable agriculture in Poland over the period 2010–2020 / Integrowany i ekologiczny system rolnictwa zrównoważonego w Polsce na przestrzeni dekady 2010 – 2020
    (Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-29) Kokoszka, Jakub
    Subject and purpose of work: The purpose of the publication is to present two sustainable farming systems in Poland - the system of integrated production and organic farming in 2010 and 2020. Materials and methods: Changes in the number of farms over the decade are analyzed. The study used statistical data published by the Central Statistical Office. Results: A descriptive method was used, combined with the use of simple dynamics indicators, and a concise review of the literature on the subject was carried out. A decrease in the number of organic farms in 2020 compared to 2010 was noted, while the number of farms using the method of integrated agricultural production increased slightly. A large regional variation in the analyzed farming systems was also noted. Conclusions: The results lead to the conclusion that sustainable agriculture is not recording the desired growth.
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    Lyme disease as farmers’ occupational disease. The evaluation of an increase in morbidity rate tendency between 2000 and 2019 / Borelioza jako choroba zawodowa rolników. Ocena trendu wzrostu zachorowań w latach 2009-2019
    (Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-29) Podstawka, Marian ; Giza, Ewa
    Subject and purpose of work: The aim of this paper is to make an analysis and evaluation of Lyme disease incidence, understood as a diagnosed farmers’ occupational disease. Materials and methods: The analysis and an evaluation were made based on materials, data and information originating, among other things, from the following: The analysis and an evaluation were made based on materials, data and information originating, among other things, from the following: The Agricultural Social Insurance Fund, the Main Sanitary Inspectorate and the National Institute of Hygiene, official legal acts published in the Journal of Laws, industry literature, as well as works and publications of researchers dealing with Lyme disease. Results: The results of this study indicate that Lyme disease is not only the main and dominant occupational disease of farmers, but also an infectious disease having a growing trend among Polish society. Every year, an increase in cases in which Lyme disease spirochete infection was found and diagnosed, is observed. This situation is affected not only by insufficient preventive measures, difficult and ineffective diagnostics, or low awareness of Lyme disease, but also by environmental factors and climate change. Conclusions: Considering that the disease leads to numerous dangerous health-related consequences, while a protective vaccine has not yet been prepared, it seems extremely important to implement preventive measures and conduct education on prevention among farmers as well as other professional groups and the entire population.
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    Turquoise management model in knowledge-based organisations / Turkusowa forma zarządzania w organizacjach opartych na wiedzy
    (Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-29) Fałda, Beata ; Małkowska, Maria Alicja
    Subject and purpose of the work: The commercial success of an organisation is based on its unique characteristics which make it stand out from its competitors. It can be the result of as many factors as there are many types of organisations and the goals they pursue. However, there are some invariants among them, which include leadership and management style associated with it. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the possible ways of implementing the idea of a turquoise management model in organisations with strong knowledge-based leadership. Materials and methods: The subject of the study were medical entities of the SMEs group. A faceto- face and telephone interview with a person holding a leadership role in the treatment unit was chosen as the research method. Results and conclusions: An attempt was made to verify the thesis of the possible synergies between turquoise ideas and strong leadership. The paper demonstrates a natural evolution of the leadership model which has resulted from the generation Y and Z entering the labor market, which is characterised by features converging with the turquoise idea of management.
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    An Analysis of the public distribution system in rural Haryana, India / Analiza publicznego systemu dystrybucji na obszarach wiejskich indyjskiego stanu Haryana
    (Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-29) Devi, Seema ; Siwach, Manoj
    Subject and Purpose of the work: The present paper aims to analyze the functioning and coverage of the public distribution system in rural Haryana, India. Materials and methods: For analyses, secondary data were taken from various government reports like the Economic Survey of Haryana, Economic Survey of India, Census of India, Food and Supply Department, Haryana, etc. The analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics. Results: The study’s findings revealed that the public distribution system facilitates 51.45 percent of the total rural population of Haryana. As Per the guidelines of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013, 75 percent of the rural population should be covered by the States under the benefits of the public distribution system. The public distribution system operates in the State with a vast network of Fair Price Shops (FPS) and a well-organized structure. The study revealed that the ratio of the beneficiaries of PDS to the FPS in Haryana is quite satisfactory and meets the criteria fixed by the Food and Supply Department of India. Conclusions: The State of Haryana does not meet the criteria of NFSA, 2013. One primary reason is that a large part of the population falls under the APL category, which has been excluded from the benefits of PDS after the implementation of NFSA, 2013.While the ratio of beneficiaries to FPS indicates the magnificent functioning of FPSs in the State.