2017, volume 11, issue 2

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13044/1284

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Przeglądanie 2017, volume 11, issue 2 według Data wydania

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  • Rekord
    Role of VlsE/C6 antigen as a marker for early Lyme borreliosis diagnosis and monitoring the effectiveness of its treatment
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Krzemień, Paweł Jan
    Diagnosing Lyme borreliosis, despite years of standardization, continues to encounter difficulties. They result primarily from the lack of a good marker of active infection and one helpful in assessing the effectiveness of the treatment. So far, a certain diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis can be made only in a patient with erythema migrans (EM). Unfortunately, this symptom occurs only in some patients. According to the recommendations of the Polish Society of Epidemiologists and Doctors of Infectious Diseases, the effectiveness of treatment is determined by the disappearance of clinical symptoms. For this reason, for years, we have been looking for highly sensitive and diagnostically specific laboratory markers. These would allow for rapid identification of fresh infections with Borrelia spirochetes as well as simple monitoring of treatment efficacy. According to many of the recently published publications, the solution to the second of the presented problems may be the measurement of IgG antibodies to the surface antigen of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. VlsE / C6.
  • Rekord
    Lyme borreliosis as a current health problem of the 21st century
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Pacian, Anna ; Kulik, Teresa ; Szwedo, Elwira
    The aim of the paper is to present the current epidemiological situation of Lyme borreliosis in Poland as compared to the past years, with particular regard to Lublin Province. According to the Department of Epidemiology, Laboratory of Monitoring and Epidemiological Analysis, the National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH – NIH), the number of cases of Lyme borreliosis reported for surveillance has increased significantly in the past three years. In 2016, the number stood at 21 220, i.e. 36% more than in 2015. The assessment of safety and sanitation standards conducted by State Sanitary Inspection for the year 2015 in Lublin Province showed that the incidence of Lyme borreliosis was 50.9 and that it was higher than the incidence in Poland – 35.4. Lyme borreliosis is a serious epidemiological and clinical problem in occupational risk groups, i.e. people working in agriculture, forestry and hunting. In serological surveys carried out in Lublin Province in the years 2011-2014, there was a much higher percentage of positive results in workers of several forest inspectorates than in those doing physical work related to forest exploitation (41.0%), as compared to the administrative staff (21.4%).
  • Rekord
    Legionella spp. in selected public utility buildings in Poland in 2009- 2013
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Shpakou, Andrei ; Gładysz, Iwona ; Sikora, Agnieszka ; Wójtowicz-Bobin, Małgorzata ; Kozioł-Montewka, Maria
    Background. Civilizational changes, including urbanisation and industrialisation, created the conditions for the development of new pathogens colonising water networks which endanger human health and life. The aim of the study was to assess the contamination of water supply systems in public buildings by Legionella spp. a pathogenic group of Gram-negative bacteria. Material and methods. The material samples were taken from the hot water supply systems of 41 buildings: school dormitories, boarding schools, educational centres, student dormitories. Results. In all analysed years, there were samples in which the applicable standards were exceeded, as specified by the regulation on the quality of water intended for human consumption. The highest percentage of negative samples was found in 2012, with as many as 81.1%, and the lowest one in 2011 − 35.3%. Positive samples obtained in the first and subsequent tests were detected in 20.0% of the tested facilities. The change from positive to negative values was found in 30.0% of the tested water networks. There were also cases of negative samples both in the first and subsequent tests, which was detected in 50.0% of the facilities. Conclusions. 1. An excessive amount of the officially permissible value of Legionella was found in 53.9% of the examined hot water samples. 2. The obtained results confirm the necessity of modernising and doing elementary repairs in water supply networks.
  • Rekord
    Health and nutritional behavior of a selected group of south-eastern Poland patients: a pilot study
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Domański, Maciej ; Domańska, Anna ; Chęcińska-Maciejewska, Zuzanna ; Lachowicz-Wiśniewska, Sabina ; Żukiewicz-Sobczak, Wioletta ; Weiner, Marcin
    Background. The growing number of people with excess body weight is one of the most important global health issues. The increase in the number of people with excess weight and obesity leads to a shortened life expectancy. Material and methods. The aim of this pilot study was to use a questionnaire survey to determine the lifestyle of the people in a group of 84 Polish patients from south-eastern Poland, including diet, physical activity, and health. The pilot studies were carried out from December 2021 to January 2022 in a family doctor’s clinic among people in search of advice, who willingly volunteered themselves for the study. Results. The results of the study showed that 33% of women and 44% of men have excess body weight. Economic status statistically significantly affects the incidence of overweight and obesity. However, the level of education does not have a statistically significant effect on body weight. The irregularity of meals among the respondents was often explained by irregular work and many responsibilities. Our research also showed a low physical activity of the studied population. Conclusions. Improper nutrition combined with other anti-health behaviors make it significant to introduce intensive health education programs.
  • Rekord
    Optimized upstream therapy for managing patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis associated with hyperuricemia
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Lypovetska, Sofiya ; Prokopovich, Olena ; Shved, Mykola ; Boyko, Tetyana
    Background. The recent epidemiological studies have shown that serum uric acid (SUA) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and a negative prognostic marker for mortality in subjects with pre-existing heart failure. Material and methods. 147 patients, (59.2±0.8) years old, with postinfarction cardiosclerosis were included in this study. An evaluation of cardiohemodynamics, heart rhythm disturbances, lipid and purine metabolism’s violation and systemic inflammation was performed before treatment and six months afterwards. Results. An elevated SUA level was associated with the progression of postinfarction heart remodeling. Heterogenity of ventricular repolarization, decrease of heart rate variability, as well as high grade premature ventricular complexes were observed in these patients. Complex treatment with eprosartan provided a significant regress of left ventricle hypertrophy, achievement of target blood pressure levels, complete recovery from ventricular tachycardia, prevention of new-onset of atrial fibrillation. The use of fenofibrate resulted in reducing of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, SUA and main markers of systemic inflammation as well as an increase high density lipoproteins. Conclusions. The use of eprosartan and fenofibrate is an optimized upstream strategy for managing patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis associated with hyperuricemia.
  • Rekord
    Epidemiological situation of Lyme borreliosis in the Polish-Belarusian borderland in the years 2012-2016 (Podlasie Province and Grodno Region)
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Sovkich, Aleksandra Leonidovna ; Pańczuk, Anna ; Kozioł-Montewka, Maria ; Tsyrkunov, Vladimir Maksimovich ; Tokarska-Rodak, Małgorzata ; Hutko, Alla Richardovna
    Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common tick-borne disease in Europe and the number of reported cases is constantly rising. An increase in morbidity can be observed both in Poland and Belarus; however, the recorded rates are much higher in Poland. The aim of the article was to analyze the epidemiological situation of Lyme borrelosis in neighbouring territories in the Polish-Belarusian borderland: Grodno Region and Podlasie Province in the years 2012-2016. Differences in the recorded incidence of Lyme borreliosis in the analyzed territories were higher than those noted as national indicators in each consecutive year of the analyzed fiveyear period. In 2016, the incidence rate in Grodno Region was 25.0/100,000 inhabitants, while in Podlasie Province it was over 5 times higher (134.9/100,000 inhabitants). A detailed analysis of the rates in particular districts of the analyzed territories showed that the areas in Podlasie Province directly adjacent to Grodno Region are characterized by high Lyme borreliosis incidence rates, whereas those in Grodno Region bordering with Podlasie Province generally recorded rates close to the indicator for the whole region. Understanding the big differences in the recorded incidence of LB in the neighbouring Polish-Belarusian border areas requires further detailed analyses in order to identify the factors influencing such a situation.
  • Rekord
    Risk of tick-borne bacterial diseases in forestry workers of Ternopil region (western Ukraine)
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Shkilna, Mariia ; Andreychyn, Mykhailo ; Klishch, Ivan ; Korda, Mykhailo ; Rogalskyy, Igor
    Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate the awareness of Lyme borreliosis prevention and risk of being infected with the Borrelia burgdorferi in the forestry workers of Ternopil Region. To achieve the objective, serological tests were performed. Material and methods. The studies were conducted by diagnosing serum in 348 employees of Ternopil Region for anti-Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. antibodies by ELISA test. The age of the examined persons ranged from 17 to 75, mean age - 38.9 years. All the participants completed а questionnaire. The forestry workers were asked to state whether they noticed any symptoms compatible with Lyme borreliosis. Results. 348 forestry workers employed in five forest inspectorates were examined for specific anti-Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. antibodies. With ELISA test, a positive or inconclusive result in at least one antibody was observed in 43.1% of the respondents (n=150 of 348): IgM antibody − in 14.6% (n=51 of 348), and IgG antibody – in 35.3% (n=123 of 348). The largest number of respondents in the study group, i.e. 35.3%, were bitten in the abdomen area. As for the methods of tick removal, most respondents pulled the tick out with fingers (35.9%), while only 6.0% turned to a physician or nurse to have it removed. Erythema migrans (47%) and pruritis (31%) were the most frequent symptoms among the participants. Conclusions. T he absence of t he official r ecognition of Lyme b orreliosis a s a n o ccupational disease in Ukraine makes the study of prevention measures and their distribution in professional groups working in wooded areas an urgent matter. Providing the forest administration units with a sufficient number of tweezers or special loops for tick removal would certainly increase the protection of those exploiting forests against work-related tick-borne diseases.
  • Rekord
    Awareness of tick-borne bacterial infection in the students of nonmedical universities in Ternopil region (western Ukraine)
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Nykytyuk, Svitlana ; Pańczuk, Anna ; Shkilna, Mariia ; Tokarska-Rodak, Małgorzata ; Szepeluk, Adam ; Melnyk, Larysa ; Korda, Mykhailo
    Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate the awareness of Lyme borreliosis prevention and exposure to ticks in non-medical students of 2 universities in Ternopil Region (Western Ukraine). Material and methods. The study was conducted by surveying 252 young persons studying at non-medical universities in Ternopil (Western Ukraine): 119 students of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatyuk National Pedagogical University (TNPU) and 133 of Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University (TNTU), aged 18-23 years old. All the participants completed а questionnaire. Results. The students of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatyuk National Pedagogical University (TNPU) and Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University (TNTU), Ternopil, understand that the risk of being infected with Lyme borreliosis does not only appear in forests, but also in gardens, parks, and countryside. Still, 16.5% of the students of both Ternopil universities showed very low awareness about Lyme borreliosis. Most TNPU respondents in the study group (40.7%) were bitten by a tick in the abdomen area; 31.3% of the TNTU students declared being bitten in lower limbs. Students of both universities recorded the fewest bites in the chest area (7.1% in TNTU and 13.0% in TNPU respectively). As for the most frequent methods of tick removal, 71.4% of the respondents lubricated it with fat (e.g. butter, oil) and 42.0% twisted it out with tweezers. Conclusions. Education towards proper methods of tick removal, prevention of tick bites (clothes, repellents) should become an important element of protection measures in students in the regions of high Lyme borreliosis frequency, including Ternopil.
  • Rekord
    Knowledge in the prevention of Lyme borreliosis and exposure to ticks in women and men studying non-medical courses in Latvia
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Tarelkina, Irena ; Voita, Daina ; Tokarska-Rodak, Małgorzata ; Pańczuk, Anna
    Background. The aim of the following study was to assess the level of knowledge in the prevention of Lyme borreliosis and exposure to ticks in non-medical students, broken down by gender. Material and methods. The study group comprised 274 students from Latvia, including 229 women and 45 men aged 18-35. As for the research tool, the authors’ own questionnaire survey was used. Results. Latvian male students are more likely to use repellents and more often examine their bodies on return from green areas (86.6% and 97.8% respectively) than women (66.3% and 93.9%, respectively). The biggest group of the respondents (35.6% of the men and 41.1% of the women) considered that twisting the tick out with tweezers was the correct method of removing ticks. Slightly fewer respondents, i.e. 26.6% of the men and 36.2% of the women, opted for tweezing it out with a swift steady movement. In practice, most people do not do this on their own − 28.9% of the men turn to a doctor / nurse for help and 32.3% of the women to some other person. Students critically assess their knowledge regarding Lyme borreliosis: 60% of the men evaluate it as minimal and 53.1% of the women as average. More than 86% of the men and 73.4% of the women in the study group reported being bitten by a tick. Conclusions: The results of the study reflect the attitudes of Latvian academic youth towards Lyme borreliosis as well as knowledge about the disease and its prevention, which allows for assessing the need for intensifying public education in the subject.
  • Rekord
    Tick-borne bacterial diseases in Poland
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Tylewska-Wierzbanowska, Stanisława ; Chmielewski, Tomasz
    Many infectious diseases are spread by a vector. Some microorganisms require both the vertebrate as well invertebrate host to complete their life cycle. In this way, many bacterial diseases are transmitted to humans. Within Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species, 15 genospecies have been identified; 7 of which are pathogenic to humans. Lyme borreliosis, classified as a zoonosis, occurs throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The symptoms caused by these spirochetes, in addition to the characteristic erythema migrans, may affect many body systems and organs. Infections caused by Bartonella spp. are classified as emerging and re-emerging diseases. Over 25 species of Bartonella species have been currently recognized, 14 of which are pathogenic to humans. The infections of these microorganisms are transmitted by ticks, lice and fleas, and manifest themselves as endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, bacillary peliosis, Parinaud’s oculoglandular syndrome, the mildest of them being the cat scratch disease. Recently, spotted fever group rickettsioses are the most commonly recognized. In Poland, the etiological agents of these diseases are various species of Rickettsia spp., such as R. helvetica, R. monacensis, R. slovaca and R. raoultii. Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is an acute infectious disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The symptoms of anaplasmosis include: a high fever, headache, malaise, muscle pains and chills. It is characterised by thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, elevated levels of liver transaminases, increased number of neutrophils and mild anemia. There is no specific prophylaxis to avert tick-borne infections. The best prevention method is to avoid tick bites and to remove them from the skin immediately. It is also recommended to use tick repellents.
  • Rekord
    Analysis of the methods for diagnosing borreliosis − Lyme disease
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2017-07-28) Pedrycz-Wieczorska, Agnieszka
    Lyme borreliosis is a multi-organ disease transmitted by ticks, whose etiological factor is an anaerobic bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. The incidence of this disease has risen each year for more than 10 years now in all parts of the world where ticks are present. Due to the multiplicity of the clinical symptoms, the disease is difficult to diagnose as it resembles other illnesses. Further, its pathomechanism through which Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes attack joints, heart, nervous system and skin is not fully understood. This leads to many problems, both diagnostic and therapeutic. At present, there are two views on Lyme disease: one forwarded by the Polish Society of Epidemiology and Physicians of Infectious Diseases and the other one recommended by the International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society. The following article presents clinical diagnostic procedures as well as additional laboratory, serological, histological, microbiological and genetic analyzes. It is an attempt to provide the most reliable diagnostic methods although it should be noted that all of them encounter difficulties. Accordingly, the diagnosis of Lyme disease is far from perfect and requires further research and standardization.