2019, Volume 13, Issue 2
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RekordMigration from northern Siberia regions: psychophysiological adaptation of children(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2019-02-13)Background. This article presents results of research about psychophysiological adaptation of children who migrated from the northern to the southern regions of Siberia. The purpose of this study was to create measures that can be used to promote health among migrants. Material and methods. We examined 157 children between the ages of 11-16. Roughly half (n=74) were child migrants, and the remainder (n=83) were children who lived constantly in region of southern Siberia. Psychophysiological adaptation was assessed by methods of Eysenck, Rogov, Belokon and Kuberger. Results. Assessment of parameters allowed us to reveal multidirectional results in groups of children. The questionnaire developed by Eysenck showed the predominance of the extroverted type of personality among patients, but emotional instability was more often recorded among child migrants (p=0.0007). Child migrants took significantly longer to complete psychological tests, including tests of attention (p=0.0042) and verbal logical thinking (p<0.001). Vegetative homeostasis was characterized by a higher level of sympathetic tonic initial vegetative tone (p=0.0172), hyper sympathetic tonic variant of vegetative reactivity (p=0.0377), and an altered type of hemodynamic reaction to the clinoorthostatic test (50% of cases). Conclusions. The high frequency of emotional instability, slower speed of logical thinking possesses, and sympathetic tonic orientation of vegetative homeostasis parameters are distinctive features of child migrants. Children with deviations in psychophysiological parameters are at high risk of developing psychosomatic pathology. Therefore, preventive measures are necessary to help promote health among child migrants.
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RekordBurnout in the anaesthesiologists of Western Ukraine and its possible causative factors(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2019-02-26)Background. The paper deals with the problem of burnout among the anaesthesiologists of the Western Ukraine region and its causative factors. Burnout is characterized by mental and physical exhaustion owing to prolonged emotional stress. Material and methods. 105 anaesthesiologists were questioned as to the causes of job-related stress and their personal attitude to the job based on the Maslach Burnout Questionnaire. Questionnaire survey findings were compared in relation to the doctors’ practical experience. Results. Burnout symptoms were found to occur in 82% of anaesthesiologists with practical experience less than 5 years, and in 84% of doctors with practical experience above 20 years. These groups revealed high values of emotional burnout on the Maslach scale. Anaesthesiologists with 5-20 years of work experience revealed moderate levels of emotional burnout. High level of depersonalization was found in those with 5-20 years of work experience. For doctors who had less than 5 years and more than 20 years of work experience, depersonalization level was moderate. Conclusions. The group of anaesthesiologists with more than 20 years of work experience had the highest values of professional relationship reduction. The lowest value of this component of burnout was found in the young doctors with work experience of less than 5 years. About 80% of the doctors pointed out working intensity and insufficient salary as the main causes of work-related stress.
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RekordThe role of microbiota in the development of allergic diseases(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2019-03-11)Scientific progress, industrial development, urbanization, and the “sterile” way of life have a significant negative side, namely, the sustained growth of allergic diseases. The “hygienic theory” is used to explain the unceasing increase in the incidence of allergies in the population. At the same time, an important link in the development of allergic diseases is the microbiological environment and our own microbiota. In our literature review we gathered new data on the pathogenetic relationships between the violation of the quantitative and qualitative composition of our microbiocenosis and the development of allergic diseases. The basic mechanisms by which microbiota influence the development of an allergic process have been established, in particular: influence on T-cell immunity, synthesis of cytokines, etc. In this review, particular attention is paid to factors that lead to microbiocenosis and contribute to the development of allergies. Among them it is worth to highlight inappropriate nutrition, “sterile” style of life, widespread using of antiseptics and antibiotics, etc. Therefore, the most important step in the prevention of allergic diseases is the modification of lifestyle, breastfeeding of children, frequent staying in the open air and contact with nature, rational use of antiseptics and antibiotics.
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RekordEconomic correlates of physical activity in adults(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2019-03-15)Background. Physical activity plays an immensely significant role in the prevention and treatment of diseases that often lead to premature death. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between physical activity of adults and determinants of their financial situation such as steady income, per capita income, savings, and indebtedness. Material and methods. The study was carried out between 2014 and 2015 in Wrocław, Poland on a group of 4332 residents aged 18 to 64 years. The respondents’ habitual physical activity levels and income status were assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the author’s own Socio-Economic Status of Working Age People Questionnaire (S-ESQ), respectively. Results. There are positive correlations between physical activity level and socio-economic status. Steady income and per capita income are two determinants of differences in physical activity in individuals over 44 years of age. The highest level of physical activity was noted in adults with a steady income of more than USD 542 per month. Respondents with savings were also more physically active than their counterparts without savings. Finally, Wrocław residents who were without debts and who were aged 18-44 years were more physically active than were financially indebted residents. Conclusions. Actions should be u ndertaken t o e nhance physical a ctivity of t hose adults remaining in a poor socio-economic situation.
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RekordLife satisfaction in women after mastectomy – a pilot study(Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2019-02-27)Background. Cancer is the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality in Poland and breast cancer is the most frequent malignant neoplasm occurring in Polish women. The aim of this paper is to analyse life satisfaction in women after mastectomy. Material and methods. The pilot study comprised of women with breast cancer after mastectomy and women in a good overall health. Results. On the basis of the conducted studies, it may be stated that women after mastectomy have a similar life satisfaction level as healthy individuals. The statistically relevant differences have been obtained only in some subscales related to leisure time, residence and parenting attitude. Conclusions. More detailed studies are required to elucidate some subtle differences in life satisfaction between women after a mastectomy and healthy women.