2022, Volume 16, Issue 3
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RekordPrevention of adhesive formation under experimental conditions(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-09-06)Background. Prevention of adhesions remains an urgent problem of abdominal surgery, despite the significant amount of research in this area. There are four areas in the prevention of adhesions: reduction of peritoneal injury, reduction of the inflammatory reaction in the area of operation, the effect of remedial drugs on the balance of formation and destruction of fibrin, and delimitation of damaged serous membranes by the formation of protective films on the mesothelium. Material and methods. 84 laboratory mature white male rats, which were divided into 8 groups, were studied. The adhesion process was simulated with some groups using an anti-adhesive based on hyaluronic acid. On the 4th, 10th, and 30th day after the beginning of the experiment, the experimental animals were euthanized, the abdominal cavity was opened, and the visceral and parietal peritoneum and adhesions were examined through standard macroscopic and microscopic methods. Results. During the correction of the simulated pathological process by Defensal, the number of adhesions decreased by 42.8%. The thickness of the adhesions under the influence of the above drug decreased by 3.5 times compared to the control group. Conclusions. Studies and results show that a barrier drug such as Defensal has a positive effect on the course of experimental adhesive disease. During the use of this drug, the number of adhesions in the abdominal cavity significantly decreased, and the vast majority were filamentous, loose, easily separated, did not deform the lumen structure and almost did not change the digestive tract.
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RekordType D personality and sense of coherence among female Polish national soccer players(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-07-13)Background. The popularity of soccer, including women’s soccer, continues to grow. The training of females requires the development of standards different from those in men’s soccer. Professionalization is necessary, including adequate mental preparation. Material and methods. A total of 35 female Polish national soccer players participated in the study. This study used Polish versions of two standardized questionnaires (DS14, SOC-29), and a questionnaire developed by the authors. The authors evaluated type D personalities and their correlations with psychological resources or the ability to manage them, i.e., with the sense of coherence. Results. The obtained results, when compared to the results of standardization studies, are at the average level. Moreover, the detailed analysis of negative emotionality (NE) and social inhibition (SI) indices allowed us to identify type D personalities in 7 (20%) out of 35 subjects. These individuals scored more than 10 points on each of these scales. Conclusions. The analyses have given rise to some alarming conclusions. One in five female Polish national soccer players has a type D personality. Female players with this diagnosis have a significantly lower sense of coherence. Moreover, it has been proven that there is a significant correlation between sense of coherence and the dimensions of type D personalities. These results suggest that interventions as well as educational measures to strengthen one’s psychological resources and improve one’s coping with difficult situations or stress should be taken.
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RekordEffect of a method for developing communication skills on physical activity in children with intellectual disabilities(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-07-13)Background. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a selected special education method on the level of physical activity in schoolchildren with intellectual disability. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 32 children with rather similar backgrounds: all participants were Armenians with no medical history of any registered disorders and the same moderate degree of intellectual disability (IQ score = 35-49). A physical education program based on two games using the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) was conducted for three months by a physical educator trained in PECS. The level of habitual physical activity before and after the study period was assessed by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for children (PAIC-A) and pedometry (Omron HJ-112, Illinois, USA). Twoway ANOVA (intellectual disability × intervention) with a post hoc Bonferroni test was used to examine the differences between the pre- and post-intervention physical activity and pedometry assessment results. Results. The use of PECS resulted in an overall increase in the levels of physical activity. The results showed a significant group-by-time interaction effect for unstructured physical activity, structured exercise, organized sports, commuting to and from school, and total sedentary activities (all measured in min/week; p<0.05). Post hoc comparisons revealed a remarkable improvement in PAIC-A and pedometry scores in the intervention group (p<0.05). Conclusions. Technologies for developing communication skills are an option to increase the physical activity of children with intellectual disability. Enhanced working memory facilitates improved executive motor functions.
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RekordThe influence of physical activity on the improvement of motor functioning in people with Parkinson’s disease(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-10-03)Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common chronic neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system. Its most common symptoms are motor disorders. So far, no effective forms of treatment have been found, nor have any diagnostic methods been identified that would allow for diagnosis at an early stage. For this reason, clinical trials have been conducted for many years in order to find new methods of therapy which would support pharmacological treatment – and it seems that physical activity comes first here. Studies carried out on humans and animal models of PD have shown that increased physical activity improves the patterns of motor behavior and enhances the process of angiogenesis, synaptogenesis, and neurogenesis in the brain. It also increases the level of neurotrophic factors. The aim of the work was to conduct a literature review and to present the impact of physical activity on improving motor functioning in people with PD. Having people with PD take up physical activity is of preventive importance. It may also be considered an early stage of the rehabilitation process. This paper was based on the work of both Polish and foreign researchers in the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar.
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RekordPhysical activity and the age of respondents from Independent Cultural Centers in Poland(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-10-03)Background. The purpose of the following research is to present the physical activity of a niche group – people from Independent Cultural Centers (ICCs) – and to show the relationship between physical activity and the age of the respondents. Material and methods. The study group consisted of people between the ages of 19 and 46 who were active in associations that form ICCs in Poland (in Warsaw, Lublin, Gliwice, and Wroclaw). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF) was used to identify the level of physical activity. In order to show the differences between the physical activity of older and younger respondents, they were divided into two groups: 1st group ≤ 30 years, 2nd group ≥ 31 years. Results. The analyses showed that the age of the respondents has an impact on the physical activity undertaken. More favorable, statistically significant results in analyses of vigorous physical activity (VPA) and moderate physical activity (MPA) were obtained by the younger group. Conclusions. Participation in physical activity declines with age. There is a need to create an offer that encourages leisure-time physical activity that is attractive to older groups. Despite the more favorable analysis results of the younger group’s declared physical activity, the results of the older respondents compare favorably to the groups in the studies conducted by other authors. This may indicate that the offer prepared by the associations that make up ICCs is adequately adapted to the needs of the respondents.