2022, Volume 16, Issue 3
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RekordAssessment of knowledge of the basic principles of proper nutrition among parents of children aged 6-10(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-07-14) Potempa-Jeziorowska, Magdalena ; Jonczyk, Paweł ; Świętochowska, Elżbieta ; Kucharzewski, MarekBackground. One of the most important factors in a child’s development is balanced diet and the formation of good eating habits. Material and methods. Parents of children (n=908) aged 6-10 attending primary schools in Poland were surveyed between September 2018 and June 2019. The research tool was a survey questionnaire divided into 4 parts. The first 3 parts dealt with information about the child, while the 4th part was dedicated to parents, and the questions in it assessed parents’ knowledge about the correct principles of child nutrition. Results. Almost half of the respondents rightly claimed that a proper balanced diet for a child should include five or more meals per day. Slightly less than half of the respondents, i.e. 40.5%, stated incorrectly that the child’s daily intake of milk or milk products should be one portion. Only 6.4% of the parents correctly considered that the daily consumption of dairy products by the child should be at least three to four portions. The correct answer about the recommended consumption of 5 portions of fruit and vegetables per day was indicated by 12.7% of parents. Almost half of the parents knew that regular physical activity is at the base of the Pyramid of Healthy Food and Lifestyle for Children and Teenagers. Conclusions. Parents’ knowledge of proper nutrition is still insufficient. It is very important that the correct principles of nutrition apply to everyone in the household, and not just to the child in an isolated way.
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RekordEffect of a method for developing communication skills on physical activity in children with intellectual disabilities(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-07-13)Background. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a selected special education method on the level of physical activity in schoolchildren with intellectual disability. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 32 children with rather similar backgrounds: all participants were Armenians with no medical history of any registered disorders and the same moderate degree of intellectual disability (IQ score = 35-49). A physical education program based on two games using the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) was conducted for three months by a physical educator trained in PECS. The level of habitual physical activity before and after the study period was assessed by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for children (PAIC-A) and pedometry (Omron HJ-112, Illinois, USA). Twoway ANOVA (intellectual disability × intervention) with a post hoc Bonferroni test was used to examine the differences between the pre- and post-intervention physical activity and pedometry assessment results. Results. The use of PECS resulted in an overall increase in the levels of physical activity. The results showed a significant group-by-time interaction effect for unstructured physical activity, structured exercise, organized sports, commuting to and from school, and total sedentary activities (all measured in min/week; p<0.05). Post hoc comparisons revealed a remarkable improvement in PAIC-A and pedometry scores in the intervention group (p<0.05). Conclusions. Technologies for developing communication skills are an option to increase the physical activity of children with intellectual disability. Enhanced working memory facilitates improved executive motor functions.
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RekordThe effect of Covid-19 fear on healthy lifestyle behaviors in menoposal women: case of Southeastern Anatolia(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-08-29) Bakan Demirel, Özlem ; Öz, Tuğba ; Can Gürkan, ÖzlemBackground. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Covid-19 fear on healthy lifestyle behaviors in menopausal women living in the Southeastern Anatolia region. Material and methods. As of April and June 2021, a descriptive, cross-sectional and relationship-seeking design study was completed with 203 participants who were in the menopausal period and who were between the ages of 40 and 65 and were living in the provinces of Gaziantep, Diyarbakir, Şanliurfa, Batman, Adiyaman, Siirt, Mardin, Kilis, Şirnak in the Southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The data were collected using the descriptive information form prepared by the researchers, the Fear of Covid-19 Scale, the Menopause Symptoms Evaluation Scale and the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II. Descriptive statistical analyses, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskall Wallis H test and Spearman Correlation Analysis were used to analyze the data. Results. The mean age of the participants was 55.7±5.6 years (min: 40, max: 69), the highest scores in the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II were found in the sub-dimensions of “spiritual development” (23.4±3.2) and “interpersonal relations” (23.1±3.3). In the Menopause Symptoms Evaluation Scale total and sub-dimension scores, it was determined that the “somatic complaints” (10.4±2.6) and “psychological complaints” subdimensions (10.7±3.1) had the highest scores. Conclusions. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the participants’ Fear of Covid-19 Scale scores and Menopause Symptoms Evaluation Scale total and sub-dimension scores. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the Menopause Symptoms Evaluation Scale and the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II and certain sub-dimensions.
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RekordThe influence of physical activity on the improvement of motor functioning in people with Parkinson’s disease(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-10-03) Marszałek, Anna ; Kasperczyk, Tadeusz ; Walaszek, RobertParkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common chronic neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system. Its most common symptoms are motor disorders. So far, no effective forms of treatment have been found, nor have any diagnostic methods been identified that would allow for diagnosis at an early stage. For this reason, clinical trials have been conducted for many years in order to find new methods of therapy which would support pharmacological treatment – and it seems that physical activity comes first here. Studies carried out on humans and animal models of PD have shown that increased physical activity improves the patterns of motor behavior and enhances the process of angiogenesis, synaptogenesis, and neurogenesis in the brain. It also increases the level of neurotrophic factors. The aim of the work was to conduct a literature review and to present the impact of physical activity on improving motor functioning in people with PD. Having people with PD take up physical activity is of preventive importance. It may also be considered an early stage of the rehabilitation process. This paper was based on the work of both Polish and foreign researchers in the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar.
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RekordPhysical activity and sitting durations among employers and employees of microenterprises(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-09-06) Albayrak Kuruoğlu, Yeşim ; Sağınç, Serhat ; Karaca, AydaBackground. The durations of sitting and standing/walking in the workplace, moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA), structured walking, and sports done by employers and employees of microenterprises were examined in this study. Material and methods. A total of 306 individuals (123 women and 183 men) voluntarily participated in the study. A demographic information form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and an occupation-related index and sport index of the Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire (PAAQ) were administered during face-to-face interviews. Results. The participants were found to spend 4.42 hours sitting and 6.33 hours standing/walking in the workplace. The duration of MVPA among men was longer than among women (p<0.05). The duration of walking among younger participants (30 years and under) was longer than among others. There was no statistically significant difference in the durations of regular exercise between employers and employees (p>0.05). Half of them engaged in structured walking. Conclusions. Although the participants had an insufficient duration of MVPA, they achieved the WHO’s weekly recommended activity duration by taking part in structured walking. The participants spent more than 6 hours standing/walking in the workplace. This result is classified as low physical activity (LPA), which contributes to total physical activity. The effect of LPA on general health status should be examined in future studies.
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RekordPhysical activity and the age of respondents from Independent Cultural Centers in Poland(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-10-03) Bergier, Michał ; Bergier, BarbaraBackground. The purpose of the following research is to present the physical activity of a niche group – people from Independent Cultural Centers (ICCs) – and to show the relationship between physical activity and the age of the respondents. Material and methods. The study group consisted of people between the ages of 19 and 46 who were active in associations that form ICCs in Poland (in Warsaw, Lublin, Gliwice, and Wroclaw). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF) was used to identify the level of physical activity. In order to show the differences between the physical activity of older and younger respondents, they were divided into two groups: 1st group ≤ 30 years, 2nd group ≥ 31 years. Results. The analyses showed that the age of the respondents has an impact on the physical activity undertaken. More favorable, statistically significant results in analyses of vigorous physical activity (VPA) and moderate physical activity (MPA) were obtained by the younger group. Conclusions. Participation in physical activity declines with age. There is a need to create an offer that encourages leisure-time physical activity that is attractive to older groups. Despite the more favorable analysis results of the younger group’s declared physical activity, the results of the older respondents compare favorably to the groups in the studies conducted by other authors. This may indicate that the offer prepared by the associations that make up ICCs is adequately adapted to the needs of the respondents.
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RekordPrevention of adhesive formation under experimental conditions(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-09-06) Deykalo, Igor ; Gorbatyuk, Roman ; Bukata, Volodymyr ; Volch, Iryna ; Grygus, IgorBackground. Prevention of adhesions remains an urgent problem of abdominal surgery, despite the significant amount of research in this area. There are four areas in the prevention of adhesions: reduction of peritoneal injury, reduction of the inflammatory reaction in the area of operation, the effect of remedial drugs on the balance of formation and destruction of fibrin, and delimitation of damaged serous membranes by the formation of protective films on the mesothelium. Material and methods. 84 laboratory mature white male rats, which were divided into 8 groups, were studied. The adhesion process was simulated with some groups using an anti-adhesive based on hyaluronic acid. On the 4th, 10th, and 30th day after the beginning of the experiment, the experimental animals were euthanized, the abdominal cavity was opened, and the visceral and parietal peritoneum and adhesions were examined through standard macroscopic and microscopic methods. Results. During the correction of the simulated pathological process by Defensal, the number of adhesions decreased by 42.8%. The thickness of the adhesions under the influence of the above drug decreased by 3.5 times compared to the control group. Conclusions. Studies and results show that a barrier drug such as Defensal has a positive effect on the course of experimental adhesive disease. During the use of this drug, the number of adhesions in the abdominal cavity significantly decreased, and the vast majority were filamentous, loose, easily separated, did not deform the lumen structure and almost did not change the digestive tract.
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RekordScreen time influence on early childhood social-emotional development(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-09-05) Arumugam, Catherine Thamarai ; Said, Mas Ayu ; Nik Farid, Nik Daliana ; Rizal, HusseinBackground. The World Health Organization calls for avoidance of screen-based media usage for children below the age of one and for limitation of screen time to not more than an hour per day for children under the age of five due to public health concerns. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of excessive screen time and its association with early childhood social-emotional development among Malaysian children. Material and methods. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 600 Malaysian parents of children aged 18 and 36 months old. Child’s social-emotional development was measured using the “Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social Emotional-2”. Multivariate logistic regression method was utilized for data analysis. Results. A total of 82.2% of children did not adhere to screen time recommendations. Mean screen time recorded was 141.7 (SD 131.6) minutes per day. The odds of children with excessive screen time having poor mastery of social-emotional development is 2.5 times higher than children adhering to screen time recommendations, with this association persisting after adjustment to confounders (AOR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.07-5.86). Conclusions. Excessive screen time among children is linked to paucity in active parent-child interaction and hindrance in the process of learning and development which consequently leads to a delayed attainment of social-emotional milestones.
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RekordType D personality and sense of coherence among female Polish national soccer players(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-07-13) Kasprowicz, Marcin ; Rutkowska, ElżbietaBackground. The popularity of soccer, including women’s soccer, continues to grow. The training of females requires the development of standards different from those in men’s soccer. Professionalization is necessary, including adequate mental preparation. Material and methods. A total of 35 female Polish national soccer players participated in the study. This study used Polish versions of two standardized questionnaires (DS14, SOC-29), and a questionnaire developed by the authors. The authors evaluated type D personalities and their correlations with psychological resources or the ability to manage them, i.e., with the sense of coherence. Results. The obtained results, when compared to the results of standardization studies, are at the average level. Moreover, the detailed analysis of negative emotionality (NE) and social inhibition (SI) indices allowed us to identify type D personalities in 7 (20%) out of 35 subjects. These individuals scored more than 10 points on each of these scales. Conclusions. The analyses have given rise to some alarming conclusions. One in five female Polish national soccer players has a type D personality. Female players with this diagnosis have a significantly lower sense of coherence. Moreover, it has been proven that there is a significant correlation between sense of coherence and the dimensions of type D personalities. These results suggest that interventions as well as educational measures to strengthen one’s psychological resources and improve one’s coping with difficult situations or stress should be taken.