2018, Volume 12, Issue 3

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13044/520

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Przeglądanie 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3 według Data wydania

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  • Rekord
    Effect of selenium on large intestine and lung cancer in humans – part II
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-04-26) Sygit, Katarzyna ; Sieja, Krzysztof ; Sygit, Marian
    Background. Persistently high incidence of ‘diseases of affluence’ (including cancer) motivates numerous research teams to look for causes of morbidity, as well as to search for preventive methods and effective therapeutic measures. The paper aims to present the literature on effects of selenium (Se) on prevention of gastrointestinal and lung cancer. Material and methods. Based on national and international literature, the paper presents information on the role of selenium (Se) in prevention of cancer – with special consideration given to gastrointestinal and lung cancer. Results. The results of national and international research show the importance of selenium in prevention and treatment of cancerous diseases, including digestive tract cancer and lung cancer. Numerous studies have shown that the risk of cancer for people with low selenium levels is twice as high as for people with high levels of selenium in blood serum. The most prominent relationship between low selenium level in serum and cancer is observed in gastrointestinal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer in women, and prostate cancer. Conclusions. Many clinical and experimental studies carried out nationally and internationally gathered evidence which indicate the vital role played by selenium in prevention and treatment of diseases – especially of cancer. It should be emphasised that the intake of selenium in amounts necessary for proper functioning - given numerous deficiencies (first in the soil, then in food products coming from selenium-deficient soil) – is merely the first step, as it has already been proven in numerous publications that carbohydrates (especially simple sugars, sweets, cakes, etc.) ‘destroy’ selenium in the human body.
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    Importance of cannabinoids in the functioning of the central nervous system
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-05-22) Wróblewska-Łuczka, Paula ; Florek-Łuszczki, Magdalena ; Łuszczki, Jarogniew J.
    At present, there is a great emphasis of public opinion on the legalisation of medical marijuana, i.e. the top parts of the cannabis plants rich in tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Nevertheless, in the cannabis plants, there are many various cannabinoids, including cannabidiol (CBD). Scientific reports to-date indicate the possibility for using pharmacologically active cannabinoids in the treatment of such diseases/symptoms as: anorexia, vomiting, neuropathic pain, inflammatory diseases, multiple sclerosis, degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Tourette’s syndrome), epilepsy, schizophrenia, and obesity. The article presents up-to-date information on the results of experimental studies concerning the effectiveness of cannabinoids, with particular consideration of diseases related with the central nervous system, including epilepsy, neuropathic pain, mental disorders, as well as obesity and anorexia.
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    Management of child injuries in traffic and other accidents: the WHO policy guidelines
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-07-10) Goniewicz, Krzysztof ; Goniewicz, Mariusz ; Pawłowski, Witold ; Fiedor, Piotr
    Children injuries are one of the biggest problems in modern medicine that require vigorous and preventive actions. All kinds of injuries resulting from road accidents are the most common cause of death in children, more common than cancer and birth defects. In the years 1995-2009, there were 113 211 accidents involving 959 children aged 0-14 years in Poland in which 3791 children died and 117 730 were injured. Most fatalities were recorded in children in the age range 7-14 years. The following study presents the main problems of road safety and the nature, causes and consequences of injures in children in Poland and worldwide. It discusses the risks associated with children involved in traffic as well as ways of reducing the number of accidents in children based on the WHO report.
  • Rekord
    Health as a source of happiness and health-related behaviour of young people
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-07-10) Zadworna-Cieślak, Magdalena
    Background. Proper human behaviour is needed to maintain health. Healthy lifestyle patterns develop specifically during childhood and adolescence, a process which helps shape young people, and one which significantly affects various life choices, including those regarding health. The aim of the study was to evaluate the health-related behaviour of young people, and to determine the hierarchical position of health as a symbol of happiness and its interrelations with related symbols. Differences in the postulated sources of happiness were also determined in patients with favourable and adverse health-related behaviour. Material and methods. The study involved 209 high school students. The age of respondents ranged from 17 to 19 (M = 18, SD = 0.48). The study involved 114 girls (representing 54.5% of the group) and 95 boys (45.4%). The variables were measured using two techniques by Juczynski (2009): the Health Behaviour Inventory (IZZ) and Part I of the Personal Value List (measurement of the symbols of happiness). Results. The respondents indicated that good health is positioned third in the hierarchy of the determinants of happiness, slightly lower than a large circle of friends. The respondents regard a successful family life as being the greatest determinant of happiness. Higher ratings for health in the hierarchy of the symbols of personal happiness were associated with more favourable adopted health-related behaviour. Similarly, people with favourable healthrelated behaviour are more likely to choose health as the source of a positive life than those with adverse behaviour. Conclusions. The high position of health in the scope of a happy life is a positive factor in the health-related behaviour of young people.
  • Rekord
    Etiopathogenesis of allergic diseases
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-07-10) Kanikowska, Alina ; Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna ; Graczyk, Małgorzata ; Kucharski, Marcin ; Ziętkiewicz, Marcin
    Allergic diseases are the most common chronic diseases, particularly widely spread among children, adolescents and young adults. The problem is that there is an increasing incidence of allergic diseases. The causes of such a sudden increase of incidence rate are not well known. Complex interactions of environmental factors seem to play their role in the phenomenon. These include: change in the dietary and hygienic habits, progressing industrialization and increased use of numerous chemical agents. It was shown that inhabitants of highly industrialised nations, as compared to those from the developing countries, suffer from allergic diseases more frequently (most often in USA, Australia, Great Britain, Ireland and New Zealand, least frequently in Eastern Europe, Russia, China, India and Ethiopia), inhabitants of cities rather than those of rural areas, children who have no siblings rather than those from large families [1]. Knowledge of the factors that cause or influence the course of allergy is significant as it can help prevent and properly treat this disorder. It seems especially vital as in some patients allergy can manifest itself in the form of severe anaphylactic reactions, including an anaphylactic shock burdened with high risk of death.
  • Rekord
    Quality of life in obesity at perimenopausal age in obese women and women with proper body mass index
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-07-10) Obara-Gołebiowska, Małgorzata
    Background. Obesity is a global-scale epidemic of the 21st century, leading to numerous psychophysical complications. The objective of this paper is to analyse the quality of life at perimenopausal age in the group of obese women, and to compare the findings with those obtained in the group of women with proper body mass. Material and methods. There were two equal research groups included in the study. In the first group there were 50 obese women BMI (m) = 36.5, patients of the Obesity Treatment Ward. In the other group, there were 50 normal-weight women BMI (m) = 24.1, primary care patients from Warminsko-Mazurskie Province. The research tool used in the study was The World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale − WHOQL-BREF. Results. Differences between the group of obese women and the one with healthy body mass turned out to be statistically significant p<0.05 in the general quality of life t(sd) = -3.21(98), general quality of health t(sd) =-3.96(98), physical health t(sd) = -3.11(98), psychological health t(sd) = -3.67(98), social relationship t(sd) = -2.76(98) and environment t(sd) = -2.86(98). Conclusions. Results of the study showed significantly lower quality of life in all measured domains in obese women in comparison to those with proper body mass.
  • Rekord
    Knowledge on physical activity and nutrition behaviours in patients with increased body weight and cardiovascular diseases
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-07-12) Dąbek, Józef ; Piotrkowicz, Joanna ; Michalski, Andrzej ; Korzeń, Dariusz
    Background. Low physical activity and the increasing number of overweight and obese people contribute to the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in society. Classic risk factors and improper lifestyle increase the risk of their occurrence, progression and mortality in patients. The aim of the study was assessment of physical activity and nutrition behaviours in people with abnormal body weight and cardiovascular diseases. Material and methods. The study involved 152 patients including 70 men and 82 women aged 23-95 years (mean 55.4 ± 14.04 years). The study used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ in its seven-day version and an original questionnaire. The data were collected in a database and Statistica v.10 was used for a statistical analysis. Results. The average energy expenditure amounted to 1.422 MET. 50% of the participant demonstrated sufficient physical activity, 36% low, and only 14% high. Only 15% of the respondents did exercises. Despite being overweight and obese, 66% of the respondents did not follow a diet and only 17% of them consumed 5 meals a day. Conclusions. Despite the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and abnormal body weight, physical activity was low in the study group, and the knowledge in this regard was limited. In addition a significant number of respondents did not exhibit healthy behaviours.
  • Rekord
    Social functioning of elderly people living in rural areas
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-07-12) Dziechciaż, Małgorzata ; Chmielewski, Jarosław ; Florek-Łuszczki, Magdalena ; Czarny-Działak, Małgorzata ; Łuszczki, Jarogniew J.
    Background. The aim of this work was to assess social functioning of elderly people living in rural areas. Material and methods. The authors used own interview questionnaire to collect the data. The study was conducted in 504 citizens, older than 65 years, from eight villages. Results. Women were more frequently widowed than men, had low educational level and lived alone. As most responses showed (51.98%), the received benefits did not cover the respondents’ current needs and 5.95% of them claimed that they were insufficient. The remaining respondents, i.e. 42.06%, stated that the available resources fulfilled their needs. The respondents would also point to family’s aid (n=411; 81.55%) or spouse’s aid (n=147; 29.56%). Only 37 people benefited from social care (n=504; 7.34%), of which 24 (64.86%) claimed that the help provided by social care was insufficient. Conclusions. Old women in rural areas tend to live alone more frequently, are widowed and have lower level of education than men. The received financial benefits do not fully cover current needs of older residents of rural areas regardless of sex. Among people of over 65 years living in rural areas, the majority (81.55%) would point to family support and only 2.18% indicated social care as a source of income.
  • Rekord
    Effectiveness of hemoperfusion in treatment of patients with non-biliary moderately severe pancreatitis
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-07-12) Oliynyk, Oleksandr ; Ślifirczyk, Anna ; Pereviznyk, Bogdana ; Kushnarov, Wiktor
    Background. Acute pancreatitis morbidity has been rising annually all around the world. In case of acute necrotic pancreatitis, the mortality reaches 40% in the majority of hospitals. The therapy is effective if the efferent methods involve complex therapy of this disease. One such method is hemoperfusion, i.e. extracorporeal blood purification, which is widely used in toxicology. The authors of the article used hemoperfusion in a complex therapy in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. The following research presents an evaluation of the results of hemoperfusion used in a complex therapy of patients with acute pancreatitis. Material and methods. The study involved 38 patients with acute non-biliary moderately severe pancreatitis who were treated at an intensive care unit of Ternopil University Hospital in Ukraine. 18 patients were treated following the protocol for treatment of acute pancreatitis. In 20 patients, this treatment was additionally combined with hemoperfusion. We determined the levels of amylase, diastase, procalcitonin, bilirubin, malonic dialdehyde, and diene conjugates in blood serum and the level of leukocytes in the blood. Results. The levels of procalcitonin, amylase, bilirubin, leukocytes number, malonic dialdehyde, and diene conjugates were stabilised in patients of both groups, but in those who received hemoperfusion demonstrated much better results. These were manifested by significantly better levels of the amylase, bilirubin, creatinine, urea, procalcitonin, malonic dialdehyde, and diene conjugates in patients who received hemoperfusion (p< 0.005) than in the other group undergoing standard drug therapy. Conclusions. Hemoperfusion can be used as an effective method in the complex treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis.
  • Rekord
    Vascular related pathologies in cardiovascular disease and cancer
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-07-24) Ananthaseshan, Sharan ; Religa, Piotr
    Cancer and Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the two most prominent causes of death worldwide. Emerging evidence indicates shared risk factors and a common biology between these diseases. For instance, chronic inflammation has a significant role in contributing to both diseases. An alteration of the vasculature and the endothelial cells plays a key role in pathogenesis of CVD and cancer. The widespread overlap regarding disease prevention and risk factors for these diseases suggest a common mechanism in terms of molecular pathways. The goal of this tutorial is to present common problems and mechanism of these two mayor diseases.
  • Rekord
    Review of research on alcohol dependence in a model of mice selected for high and low stress-induced analgesia
    (Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, 2018-07-24) Poznański, Piotr ; Leśniak, Anna ; Strzemecka, Joanna ; Sacharczuk, Mariusz
    Decades of studies on alcohol dependence showed that it is a very complex and multifactorial disorder. Several receptor systems are involved in development and susceptibility to alcohol abuse; however, there are some which play a crucial role in its pathogenesis, e.g. dopaminergic or opioid system. In this paper, an effort is made to explain the role of endogenous opioid system activity in alcohol dependence. To achieve the goal, we use a unique model is used which shows mice lines that are divergently selected for high (HA) and low (LA) stress-induced analgesia. This process allowed for selecting individuals characterised by hyperactive (HA) or hypoactive (LA) opioid system. Basing on the performed experiments, we proved that delta opioid receptors play a critical role in the development of addiction. The most notable achievement is an unspecific reaction of mice with the hyperactive opioid system to naloxone – an unspecific opioid system antagonist, which is currently approved in the pharmacotherapy of dependent patients.