2023, Volume 17, Issue 1
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RekordStrategies for introducing preventive measures against respiratory diseases (influenza and COVID-19) in companies in the Czech Republic: meta-analysis(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-12-21) Horáčková, Kateřina ; Ochtinská, Hana ; Václavíková, Klára ; Šoukalová, Kristýna ; Brodský, Zdeněk ; Mandysová, Michaela ; Šatera, Karel ; Kožená, MarcelaThe article focuses on the identification of the main preventive strategies employed in countering respiratory diseases with the risk of pandemic transmission (influenza and COVID-19). The research aimed to create a literature review focusing on preventive measures and strategies to minimize the occurrence and spread of respiratory diseases among employees in private businesses. These findings are intended to be employed to develop a preventive economic model for organizations in the Czech Republic against the spread of respiratory diseases. Data were obtained by systematically selecting studies from scientific databases (EBSCO host, Ovid, Scopus, Web of Science) and studying the hygienic recommendations of regional and government experts relevant to the objectives of this study. Based on a set of PICO questions and using a three-stage search, the authors analyzed a total of 1102 relevant scientific articles, and, subsequently, 15 relevant recommendations issued by the main experts of the Ministry of Health and other bodies of the Czech Republic between March 2020 and February 2022. The published studies point to a wide range of recommended preventive strategies against the occurrence and spread of respiratory diseases. The authors have proposed an organizational model that may strengthen preventive care in selected fields.
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RekordHealth and nutritional behavior of a selected group of south-eastern Poland patients: a pilot study(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-12-24) Domański, Maciej ; Domańska, Anna ; Chęcińska-Maciejewska, Zuzanna ; Lachowicz-Wiśniewska, Sabina ; Żukiewicz-Sobczak, Wioletta ; Weiner, MarcinBackground. The growing number of people with excess body weight is one of the most important global health issues. The increase in the number of people with excess weight and obesity leads to a shortened life expectancy. Material and methods. The aim of this pilot study was to use a questionnaire survey to determine the lifestyle of the people in a group of 84 Polish patients from south-eastern Poland, including diet, physical activity, and health. The pilot studies were carried out from December 2021 to January 2022 in a family doctor’s clinic among people in search of advice, who willingly volunteered themselves for the study. Results. The results of the study showed that 33% of women and 44% of men have excess body weight. Economic status statistically significantly affects the incidence of overweight and obesity. However, the level of education does not have a statistically significant effect on body weight. The irregularity of meals among the respondents was often explained by irregular work and many responsibilities. Our research also showed a low physical activity of the studied population. Conclusions. Improper nutrition combined with other anti-health behaviors make it significant to introduce intensive health education programs.
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RekordPrevalence and outcomes of diabetes among COVID-19 patients in Duhok COVID-19 health facilities: a crosssectional study(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-12-24) Hussein, Hozan Qasim ; Salih, Ahmed Mohamed ; Merza, Muayad AghaliBackground. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among patients with COVID-19, examining the relationship between COVID-19 severity and T2DM in hospitalized patients, detecting T2DM outcomes in COVID-19 patients, and identifying the vaccination rates of COVID-19 patients with T2DM. Material and methods. A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on Duhok (Iraqi Kurdistan) hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of all confirmed COVID-19 by RT-PCR with coexisting T2DM were collected between early November 2021 and late April 2022. T2DM patients with HbA1c levels ≥7% were considered a poor control group, while those <7% were considered a good control group. Results. Out of 530 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 158 (29.81%) were T2DM. Among 158 patients, 23 (14.56%) were vaccinated, of whom 17 (10.76%) were fully vaccinated and 6 (3.80%) partially vaccinated. Considering patient outcomes, chronic pulmonary disease (p=0.0106), obesity (p=<0.0001), patients on combined oral antidiabetic and insulin (p=0.0204), and poorly controlled DM (p=<0.0001) were significant predictors of mortality. Conclusions. The prevalence of T2DM in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was relatively high in Duhok. In contrast with the previous studies reported in the literature, the COVID-19 vaccination coverage was unsatisfactory. Therefore, raising awareness concerning health education about the severity and mortality rates of COVID-19 should be mandatory to achieve better disease prognosis.
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RekordAnalysis of vitamin D content in dietary supplements available in the EU(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-01-08) Domański, Maciej ; Domańska, Anna ; Żukiewicz-Sobczak, Wioletta ; Weiner, MarcinBackground. Vitamin D occurs in two forms: D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol). Deficiency of vitamin D can lead to rickets in children, while in adults to osteoporosis, depression and multiple sclerosis. The aim of the pilot study was to analyze dietary supplements in terms of the actual content of vitamin D3. Material and methods. The object of the study was ten random samples of dietary supplements from different manufacturers containing in their composition different values of vitamin D3. The manufacturers included a declaration on the content of vitamin D3 on the packaging. The actual content of vitamin D3 was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The content of vitamin D3 was determined based on a standard curve. Sigma Aldrich’s Cholecalciferol standard was used. Results. In all the analyzed dietary supplements, the actual content of vitamin D is much lower than declared by the manufacturer. The carried-out tests revealed that the content of vitamin D3 in the analyzed supplements varied from 1.02 to 59.56 μg. In three cases borderline low values of vitamin D3 were noted. Furthermore, supplement 6 and 9 contained too low dosage of vitamin D3 to supplement a daily demand of an organism for this vitamin. Conclusions. Controlling the shortage of vitamin D in an organism decreases the risk of occurrence of civilization diseases. The results of own pilot studies and studies of other authors prove that this type of research should be continued in a wider scope on various food categories.
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RekordDetermination of fear of Covid-19 and distress levels of pregnant women admitted to obstetrics emergency departments(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-01-19) Öz, Tuğba ; Bakan Demirel, Özlem ; Ildır Altun, Yeliz ; Coşkuner Potur, Dilek ; Ünal, AyşegülBackground. The aim of this study was to determine the fear of Covid-19 and pregnancy distress levels experienced by pregnant women who were admitted to the obstetrics emergency service during the pandemic. Material and methods. This descriptive study was conducted using the face-to-face interview technique with 194 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria of the study and were admitted to the Obstetrics Emergency Service of the University of Health Sciences Zeynep Kamil Gynecology and Pediatrics Training and Research Hospital in Türkiye between December 2020 and February 2021. Results. The mean age of the pregnant women included in the study was 28.37, and 51.1% of them were found to be multiparous. The mean Fear of Covid-19 Scale (FCV-19S) of the pregnant women was 19.50±6.64 and the mean Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (TPDS) was 34.79±6.82. It was determined that the educational status of the pregnant women differed statistically significantly (p<0.05) according to the FCV-19S. It was found that there is a positive and strong relationship between the FCV-19S and the TPDS (r=0.216; p=0.002) and “Negative Affect” (r=0.211; p=0.003). Conclusions. During the Covid-19 pandemic period, the Covid-19 fear and distress levels of the pregnant women who were admitted to the Obstetrics Emergency Service were determined as moderate. Since the fear of Covid-19 has an effect on pregnancy distress levels, it is recommended that nurses should be aware of the distress experienced by pregnant women and be their pregnancy support.
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RekordEpidemiological trends of antibiotic-resistant Neisseria gonorrhea in the EU/EEA/European region: a systematic review(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-01-19) Gill, GurkeeratNeisseria gonorrhea is becoming more resistant to available antibiotic treatments. The growing antibiotic resistance of Neisseria gonorrhea in clinical isolates has been observed by different national surveillance systems around the globe and is posing a serious public health risk. The EU/EEA/European region is equally impacted by this developed antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhea isolates. Hence, this systematic review is focused to uncover the antibiotic resistance patterns of Neisseria gonorrhea across different countries in the EU/EEA/European region. The database PubMed and journal “Eurosurveillance” were used to search for the articles published between 2000-2020. Eight analytical studies that filled the selection criteria were included in the review. In the EU/EEA/European region, susceptibility and resistance of Neisseria gonorrhea toward different antibiotics varied from country to country. Neisseria gonorrhea displayed higher susceptibility toward spectinomycin and azithromycin and also displayed a high level of resistance to ciproflaxin and penicillin. With the antibiotics that are currently effective, there is a higher chance that Neisseria gonorrhea will develop gradual resistance toward those antibiotics in future too. Therefore, continuous surveillance of antibiotic-resistant Neisseria gonorrhea and health promotion awareness programs, and also investments in new effective antibiotic inventions can be helpful to tackle this issue.
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RekordValidity of three hip-worn pedometers for step counts in a laboratory setting(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-01-24) Karaca, Ayda ; Demirci, Necip ; Hazır Aytar, Sinem ; Can, Sema ; Yılmaz, Vedat ; Ünver, EvrimBackground. Objectively measuring physical activity with a functional and inexpensive device is important in large-scale health research. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the validity of the Omron HJ-321 (HJ-321), Omron GoSmart HJ-112 (HJ-112), and Yamax SW200 Digiwalker (YX) for measuring step counts (SC) obtained from the sum of different speeds in a laboratory setting. Material and methods. A total of 26 healthy males aged between 19 and 35 years (26.4±6.3 years) participated voluntarily. During the 10-minute treadmill protocol, the participants were asked to wear HJ-321 and HJ-112 pedometers on the right side and YX on both sides of their hips. The digital image processing code was written in MATLAB (R2013B) for calculating the actual step counts (ASC) with 100% accuracy. The SC for all the pedometers and ASC were recorded simultaneously. Results. HJ-112 and YX have a small Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of <10%, while the HJ- 321 showed a high MAPE of >10%. There was a significant correlation between the ASC and the HJ-112, and the YX worn both on right and left sides (respectively, ICC and 95%CI: 0.583 (0.069, 0.813); 0.638 (0.193, 0.838); 0.516 (-0.079, 0.783)). However, a significant correlation was not found for the HJ-321 (0.025 (-1.212, 0.570)). Conclusions. This study shows that the HJ-112 and YX on both sides are valid for measuring total step count during 10 minutes of walking and running in a laboratory setting.
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RekordLong-term research of schoolchildren spinal cord mobility: age aspects and enhancement methods(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-27) Hakobyan, Elena ; Ter-Margaryan, NuneBackground. The aim of this research was to reveal the age-related characteristics of schoolchildren spinal cord mobility changes and experimentally substantiate the methods of their improvement in the long-term process of physical education. Material and methods. The two age groups were simultaneously investigated: primary school (1- 4th grades) and secondary school (5-9th grades) children. The author’s methods of schoolchildren spinal mobility improvement were included in the physical education lessons of the trial groups, while in the control groups, the lesson was conducted according to the school curriculum. Results. The results of the long-term study revealed features of spinal mobility indicator dynamics at the stage of school ontogenesis. The data of annual testing demonstrates an improvement in the indicators of spinal mobility among the male and female schoolchildren of the experimental groups. The results obtained in the control group show that at the stage of school ontogenesis, their deterioration is possible. Conclusions. This underpins the assertion that a factor of great significance in improving spinal mobility is not the peculiarities of age-related development but the special method. Thus, the necessity to include a special set of exercises aimed at improving spinal mobility, in the content of a school curriculum in physical education, was confirmed.
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RekordEmotional intelligence and personality as correlates of the psychological well-being of adolescents: a cross-sectional study in north India(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2023-03-27) Seema, Seema ; Manju, ManjuBackground. This study examines the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), personality types, and adolescents’ perceived psychological well-being (PWB) and identifies the most significant predictors of PWB among adolescents. Material and methods. Using a method of purposive sampling, data were obtained from 400 male and female teenagers in Haryana state, India. For data analysis, the t-test, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis were used. Results. The results of t-rest demonstrated that male and female adolescents differ on neuroticism and psychoticism, the two subdimensions of personality types. Correlation analysis revealed that EI, personality, and PWB are significantly correlated with each other. In addition, regression analysis revealed that EI, extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism are four significant predictors of PWB. Conclusions. The study suggests some recommendations for parents and psychologists to be incorporated for better well-being of adolescents. EI and personality play vital roles in PWB and both are significant predictors of PWB.