2022, Volume 16, Issue 3
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Przeglądanie 2022, Volume 16, Issue 3 według Temat "aktywność fizyczna"
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RekordEffect of a method for developing communication skills on physical activity in children with intellectual disabilities(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-07-13)Background. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a selected special education method on the level of physical activity in schoolchildren with intellectual disability. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 32 children with rather similar backgrounds: all participants were Armenians with no medical history of any registered disorders and the same moderate degree of intellectual disability (IQ score = 35-49). A physical education program based on two games using the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) was conducted for three months by a physical educator trained in PECS. The level of habitual physical activity before and after the study period was assessed by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for children (PAIC-A) and pedometry (Omron HJ-112, Illinois, USA). Twoway ANOVA (intellectual disability × intervention) with a post hoc Bonferroni test was used to examine the differences between the pre- and post-intervention physical activity and pedometry assessment results. Results. The use of PECS resulted in an overall increase in the levels of physical activity. The results showed a significant group-by-time interaction effect for unstructured physical activity, structured exercise, organized sports, commuting to and from school, and total sedentary activities (all measured in min/week; p<0.05). Post hoc comparisons revealed a remarkable improvement in PAIC-A and pedometry scores in the intervention group (p<0.05). Conclusions. Technologies for developing communication skills are an option to increase the physical activity of children with intellectual disability. Enhanced working memory facilitates improved executive motor functions.
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RekordThe influence of physical activity on the improvement of motor functioning in people with Parkinson’s disease(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-10-03) Marszałek, Anna ; Kasperczyk, Tadeusz ; Walaszek, RobertParkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common chronic neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system. Its most common symptoms are motor disorders. So far, no effective forms of treatment have been found, nor have any diagnostic methods been identified that would allow for diagnosis at an early stage. For this reason, clinical trials have been conducted for many years in order to find new methods of therapy which would support pharmacological treatment – and it seems that physical activity comes first here. Studies carried out on humans and animal models of PD have shown that increased physical activity improves the patterns of motor behavior and enhances the process of angiogenesis, synaptogenesis, and neurogenesis in the brain. It also increases the level of neurotrophic factors. The aim of the work was to conduct a literature review and to present the impact of physical activity on improving motor functioning in people with PD. Having people with PD take up physical activity is of preventive importance. It may also be considered an early stage of the rehabilitation process. This paper was based on the work of both Polish and foreign researchers in the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar.
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RekordPhysical activity and sitting durations among employers and employees of microenterprises(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-09-06) Albayrak Kuruoğlu, Yeşim ; Sağınç, Serhat ; Karaca, AydaBackground. The durations of sitting and standing/walking in the workplace, moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA), structured walking, and sports done by employers and employees of microenterprises were examined in this study. Material and methods. A total of 306 individuals (123 women and 183 men) voluntarily participated in the study. A demographic information form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and an occupation-related index and sport index of the Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire (PAAQ) were administered during face-to-face interviews. Results. The participants were found to spend 4.42 hours sitting and 6.33 hours standing/walking in the workplace. The duration of MVPA among men was longer than among women (p<0.05). The duration of walking among younger participants (30 years and under) was longer than among others. There was no statistically significant difference in the durations of regular exercise between employers and employees (p>0.05). Half of them engaged in structured walking. Conclusions. Although the participants had an insufficient duration of MVPA, they achieved the WHO’s weekly recommended activity duration by taking part in structured walking. The participants spent more than 6 hours standing/walking in the workplace. This result is classified as low physical activity (LPA), which contributes to total physical activity. The effect of LPA on general health status should be examined in future studies.
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RekordPhysical activity and the age of respondents from Independent Cultural Centers in Poland(Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II, 2022-10-03) Bergier, Michał ; Bergier, BarbaraBackground. The purpose of the following research is to present the physical activity of a niche group – people from Independent Cultural Centers (ICCs) – and to show the relationship between physical activity and the age of the respondents. Material and methods. The study group consisted of people between the ages of 19 and 46 who were active in associations that form ICCs in Poland (in Warsaw, Lublin, Gliwice, and Wroclaw). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF) was used to identify the level of physical activity. In order to show the differences between the physical activity of older and younger respondents, they were divided into two groups: 1st group ≤ 30 years, 2nd group ≥ 31 years. Results. The analyses showed that the age of the respondents has an impact on the physical activity undertaken. More favorable, statistically significant results in analyses of vigorous physical activity (VPA) and moderate physical activity (MPA) were obtained by the younger group. Conclusions. Participation in physical activity declines with age. There is a need to create an offer that encourages leisure-time physical activity that is attractive to older groups. Despite the more favorable analysis results of the younger group’s declared physical activity, the results of the older respondents compare favorably to the groups in the studies conducted by other authors. This may indicate that the offer prepared by the associations that make up ICCs is adequately adapted to the needs of the respondents.